Decellularization for whole organ bioengineering
Decellularization for whole organ bioengineering
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-6041/8/1/014106
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Yoo, J. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arenas-Herrera, J. E.;Ko, I. K.;Yoo, J. J.
原位器官移植是目前治疗终末期器官衰竭的方法。然而，对可移植器官的需求远远超过可用的捐赠器官数量。因此，已经探索了新的选择，如组织工程和再生医学，以实现功能性器官替代。尽管在实验室中已经有许多进展导致在体外重建组织和器官结构，但这些努力未能产生包含能够进行营养和气体交换的完整血管网络并且适合于移植的器官。最近，整个器官去细胞化技术的进步使得能够制造用于工程化新器官的支架。这些支架由天然来源的细胞外基质（ECM）组成，提供生物信号并维持组织微结构，包括可以整合到受体循环系统中的完整血管系统。脱细胞技术已经导致了用于多个器官的支架的发展，包括心脏、肝脏、肺和肾脏。虽然涉及使用脱细胞器官支架的实验研究令人鼓舞，但将整个器官工程转化为临床仍然遥远。本文综述了最近描述的技术，用于去细胞化整个器官，如心，肺，肝和肾，并描述了可能的方法，使用这些矩阵的整个器官工程。
Organ transplantation in an orthotopic location is the current treatment for end-stage organ failure. However, the need for transplantable organs far exceeds the number of available donor organs. As a result, new options, such as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, have been explored to achieve functional organ replacement. Although there have been many advances in the laboratory leading to the reconstruction of tissue and organ structures in vitro, these efforts have fallen short of producing organs that contain intact vascular networks capable of nutrient and gas exchange and are suitable for transplantation. Recently, advances in whole organ decellularization techniques have enabled the fabrication of scaffolds for engineering new organs. These scaffolds, consisting of naturally-derived extracellular matrix (ECM), provide biological signals and maintain tissue microarchitecture, including intact vascular systems that could integrate into the recipient's circulatory system. The decellularization techniques have led to the development of scaffolds for multiple organs, including the heart, liver, lung and kidney. While the experimental studies involving the use of decellularized organ scaffolds are encouraging, the translation of whole organ engineering into the clinic is still distant. This paper reviews recently described techniques used to decellularize whole organs such as the heart, lung, liver and kidney and describes possible methods for using these matrices for whole organ engineering.