Electric field-induced nucleation and growth of focal-conic and stripe domains in a smectic A liquid crystal
Electric field-induced nucleation and growth of focal-conic and stripe domains in a smectic A liquid crystal
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电场诱导近晶 A 液晶中焦锥域和条纹域的成核和生长
DOI：
10.1080/02678290310001621886
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
O. Lavrentovich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Garg;K. Purdy;E. Bramley;I. Smalyukh;O. Lavrentovich
我们研究了电场引起的从垂直近晶 A 结构到多域织构的一阶转变，该转变是通过环面焦锥域 (TFCD) 成核而发生的。该过程包括两个步骤：首先，尺寸大于临界半径 a* 的 TFCD 成核，然后当表面锚定效应占主导地位并导致从圆形 TFCD 转变为细长条带域 (SD) 时，TFCD 稳定生长到次要临界半径 a**。对纯近晶 A 材料和掺杂 kunipia 纳米粒子的近晶 A 进行了研究。使用荧光共焦偏振显微镜进行的无损 3D 成像表明，场诱导的 TFCD 可以在近晶 A 块体中成核。粘土颗粒降低了成核的能垒，因为它们使近晶 A 层变形，从而增加了基态能量。 TFCD 和 SD 的简单弹性模型使我们能够描述观察到的现象的定性特征。
We have studied the electric field-induced first order transition from a homeotropic smectic A structure to a polydomain texture that occurs through the nucleation of toric focal-conic domains (TFCDs). The process involves two steps: first, nucleation of TFCDs of a size larger than a critical radius a*, and then a steady growth of TFCDs to a secondary critical radius a**, when surface anchoring effects become dominant and cause a transition from a circular TFCD to an elongated stripe domain (SD). Studies were performed for pure smectic A materials and for smectic A doped with kunipia nanoparticles. Non-destructive 3D imaging with fluorescence confocal polarizing microscopy showed that field-induced TFCDs can nucleate in the smectic A bulk. Clay particles reduce the energy barrier for nucleation as they distort the smectic A layers and thus increase the ground state energy. Simple elastic models of the TFCD and SD allow us to describe the qualitative features of the observed phenomena.
产生生长激素的垂体腺瘤术后照射 18 年后肉瘤转化
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
岡田正康;米岡有一郎;大石誠;藤井幸彦
通讯作者：
藤井幸彦