Repeat bleaching of a central Pacific coral reef overthe past six decades (1960–2016)
Repeat bleaching of a central Pacific coral reef overthe past six decades (1960–2016)
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过去六十年（1960 年至 2016 年）太平洋中部珊瑚礁反复白化
DOI：
10.1038/s42003-018-01
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Hannah C. Barkley1, 6
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hannah C. Barkley1, 6
海洋正在变暖，珊瑚礁正在以越来越频繁和严重的方式白化，这加剧了人们对它们在本世纪生存的担忧。然而，在赤道太平洋中部，一些世界上最具生产力的珊瑚礁经常经历与厄尔尼诺有关的极端高温。在这里，我们使用保存在贾维斯岛长寿珊瑚的骨骼签名来评估自1960年以来珊瑚群落对多次连续热浪的反应。通过跟踪2015-16年厄尔尼诺现象期间骨骼应力带的形成，我们验证了它们作为漂白严重程度的代理的实用性，并表明2015-16年不是贾维斯的第一次灾难性漂白事件。自1960年以来，发生了8次严重（>30%漂白）和2次中度（<30%漂白）事件，每次都与厄尔尼诺现象相吻合。虽然在这段时间内，贾维斯的白化频率和严重程度没有增加，但2015-16年的规模是前所未有的。这个历史上具有弹性的生态系统的恢复轨迹将为珊瑚礁在变暖的世界中的恢复潜力提供重要的见解。
The oceans are warming and coral reefs are bleaching with increased frequency and severity, fueling concerns for their survival through this century. Yet in the central equatorial Pacific, some of the world’s most productive reefs regularly experience extreme heat associated with El Niño. Here we use skeletal signatures preserved in long-lived corals on Jarvis Island to evaluate the coral community response to multiple successive heatwaves since 1960. By tracking skeletal stress band formation through the 2015-16 El Nino, which killed 95% of Jarvis corals, we validate their utility as proxies of bleaching severity and show that 2015-16 was not the first catastrophic bleaching event on Jarvis. Since 1960, eight severe (>30% bleaching) and two moderate (<30% bleaching) events occurred, each coinciding with El Niño. While the frequency and severity of bleaching on Jarvis did not increase over this time period, 2015–16 was unprecedented in magnitude. The trajectory of recovery of this historically resilient ecosystem will provide critical insights into the potential for coral reef resilience in a warming world.