Characterization of a Filamentous Phage, Vaf1, from Vibrio alginolyticus AP-1
Characterization of a Filamentous Phage, Vaf1, from Vibrio alginolyticus AP-1
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.00520-23
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发表时间：
2023-05
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Xiaoyu Li;Xiao Wang;Ruoyu Li;Wan Zhang;Lili Wang;Bo Yan;Tongyu Zhu;Yongping Xu;Demeng Tan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiaoyu Li;Xiao Wang;Ruoyu Li;Wan Zhang;Lili Wang;Bo Yan;Tongyu Zhu;Yongping Xu;Demeng Tan
非溶解性丝状噬菌体可以在不杀死宿主的情况下复制，在细菌宿主内建立长期的持久性。与人类致病性霍乱弧菌的CTXφ噬菌体相比，人们对丝状噬菌体Vaf1及其在宿主适应性中的生物学作用知之甚少。丝状噬菌体在全球海洋中普遍存在。然而，人们对它们对宿主遗传和表型多样性的生物学贡献知之甚少。本研究从新兴的海洋病原菌溶藻弧菌AP-1中分离出一株丝状噬菌体Vaf1，并对其进行了鉴定。我们通过精确删除整个噬菌体Vaf1，探索了在不同条件下驻留噬菌体Vaf1对宿主生理的影响。我们的研究结果表明，噬菌体Vaf1的存在显著增加了生物膜的形成、群体运动和接触依赖的竞争。此外，基因表达谱表明，在低营养条件下，一些噬菌体基因被上调。出乎意料的是，斑马鱼的体内研究表明，感染菌株ΔVaf1的鱼比感染野生型菌株AP-1的鱼存活时间更长，这表明Vaf1参与了溶藻弧菌的毒力。总之，我们的研究结果为Vaf1噬菌体介导的海洋细菌V. alginolyticus表型变化的影响提供了直接证据。这进一步强调了丝状噬菌体-宿主相互作用带来的令人印象深刻的复杂性和多样性，以及海洋水产养殖中与细菌性疾病控制相关的挑战。非溶解性丝状噬菌体可以在不杀死宿主的情况下复制，在细菌宿主内建立长期的持久性。与人类致病性霍乱弧菌的CTXφ噬菌体相比，人们对丝状噬菌体Vaf1及其在宿主适应性中的生物学作用知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们构建了一个丝状噬菌体缺失菌株ΔVaf1，并提供了直接证据，证明了一个完整的噬菌体φVaf1是如何帮助细菌宿主AP-1克服不利的环境条件的。我们的结果可能为基础研究开辟了新的途径，研究丝状噬菌体-宿主相互作用如何调节弧菌细胞行为的不同方面。
Non-lytic filamentous phages can replicate without killing their host, establishing long-term persistence within the bacterial host. In contrast to the well-studied CTXφ phage of the human-pathogenic Vibrio cholerae, little is known about the filamentous phage Vaf1 and its biological role in host fitness. ABSTRACT Filamentous phages are ubiquitously distributed in the global oceans. However, little is known about their biological contribution to their host’s genetic and phenotypic diversity. In this study, a filamentous phage, Vaf1, was isolated and characterized from the emerging marine pathogen strain Vibrio alginolyticus AP-1. We explored the effects of the resident phage Vaf1 on the host physiology under diverse conditions by precisely deleting the entire phage Vaf1. Our results demonstrate that the presence of phage Vaf1 significantly increased biofilm formation, swarming motility, and contact-dependent competition. Furthermore, the gene expression profile suggests that several phage genes were upregulated in response to low-nutrient conditions. Unexpectedly, an in vivo study of zebrafish shows that fish infected with strain ΔVaf1 survived longer than those infected with wild-type strain AP-1, indicating that Vaf1 contributes to the virulence of V. alginolyticus. Together, our results provide direct evidence for the effect of Vaf1 phage-mediated phenotypic changes in marine bacteria V. alginolyticus. This further emphasizes the impressive complexity and diversity that filamentous phage-host interactions pose and the challenges associated with bacterial disease control in marine aquaculture. IMPORTANCE Non-lytic filamentous phages can replicate without killing their host, establishing long-term persistence within the bacterial host. In contrast to the well-studied CTXφ phage of the human-pathogenic Vibrio cholerae, little is known about the filamentous phage Vaf1 and its biological role in host fitness. In this study, we constructed a filamentous phage-deleted strain, ΔVaf1, and provided direct evidence on how an intact phage, φVaf1, belonging to the family Inoviridae, helps the bacterial host AP-1 to overcome adverse environmental conditions. Our results likely open new avenues for fundamental studies on how filamentous phage-host interactions regulate different aspects of Vibrio cell behaviors.