Effects of abiotic factors on the phylogenetic diversity of bacterial communities in acidic thermal springs
Effects of abiotic factors on the phylogenetic diversity of bacterial communities in acidic thermal springs
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02567-06
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Kelley, Scott T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mathur, Jayanti;Bizzoco, Richard W.;Kelley, Scott T.
酸性温泉为研究极端微生物多样性的过程提供了理想的环境。我们对黄石国家公园的酸性温泉进行了精心设计的比较分析，以确定非生物因素（化学和温度）如何塑造嗜酸微生物群落。小亚基rRNA基因序列进行PCR扩增，克隆和测序，通过使用进化上保守的细菌特异性引物，直接从环境DNA提取的圆形剧场温泉和咆哮山沉积物样品。能量色散X射线光谱，X射线衍射和比色分析被用来分析沉积物化学，而光发射光谱仪被用来评估水化学和电子探针被用来测量的pH值，温度和E-H的泉水沃茨。系统发育统计分析发现，细菌群落组成和沉积物矿物化学之间有非常强的相关性，其次是较弱的，但显着的相关性与温度梯度。例如，富含硫的沉积物样本含有大量与氢化杆菌属有关的未培养生物，而富含铁的沉积物主要由与多种革兰氏阳性铁氧化剂相关的未培养生物体所控制。氧化还原化学的详细分析表明，可利用的能量来源和电子受体足以支持氢化杆菌的代谢潜力。和铁氧化剂。主成分分析发现，两个因素解释了95%的遗传多样性，大部分的变异归因于矿物化学和较小的分数归因于温度。
Acidic thermal springs offer ideal environments for studying processes underlying extremophile microbial diversity. We used a carefully designed comparative analysis of acidic thermal springs in Yellowstone National Park to determine how abiotic factors (chemistry and temperature) shape acidophile microbial communities. Small-subunit rRNA gene sequences were PCR amplified, cloned, and sequenced, by using evolutionarily conserved bacterium-specific primers, directly from environmental DNA extracted from Amphitheater Springs and Roaring Mountain sediment samples. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and colorimetric assays were used to analyze sediment chemistry, while an optical emission spectrometer was used to evaluate water chemistry and electronic probes were used to measure the pH, temperature, and E-h of the spring waters. Phylogenetic-statistical analyses found exceptionally strong correlations between bacterial community composition and sediment mineral chemistry, followed by weaker but significant correlations with temperature gradients. For example, sulfur-rich sediment samples contained a high diversity of uncultured organisms related to Hydrogenobaculum spp., while iron-rich sediments were dominated by uncultured organisms related to a diverse array of gram-positive iron oxidizers. A detailed analysis of redox chemistry indicated that the available energy sources and electron acceptors were sufficient to support the metabolic potential of Hydrogenobaculum spp. and iron oxidizers, respectively. Principal-component analysis found that two factors explained 95% of the genetic diversity, with most of the variance attributable to mineral chemistry and a smaller fraction attributable to temperature.