Clownfish larvae exhibit faster growth, higher metabolic rates and altered gene expression under future ocean warming
Clownfish larvae exhibit faster growth, higher metabolic rates and altered gene expression under future ocean warming
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在未来海洋变暖的情况下，小丑鱼幼虫表现出更快的生长、更高的代谢率和基因表达的改变
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162296
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Ravasi Timothy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore Billy;Jolly Jeffrey;Izumiyama Michael;Kawai Erina;Ryu Taewoo;Ravasi Timothy
海洋温度上升已被证明对珊瑚礁鱼类有一系列负面影响。然而，尽管对幼鱼/成年珊瑚鱼进行了大量的研究，但对早期发育阶段对海洋变暖的反应的研究是有限的。由于整个种群的持久性受到早期生命阶段发育的影响，因此对幼虫对海洋变暖的反应进行详细研究是必要的。在这里，在一项基于水族箱的研究中，我们研究了与未来变暖和当前海洋热浪（+3°C）相关的温度如何影响小丑鱼幼虫（Amphiprion ocellaris） 6个离散发育阶段的生长、代谢率和转录组。共对6窝幼虫进行评估，对897只幼虫进行成像，262只幼虫进行代谢检测，108只幼虫进行转录组测序。结果表明，在+3℃条件下饲养的幼虫生长发育速度明显快于对照条件，代谢率明显高于对照条件。最后，我们强调了不同发育阶段的幼虫对高温反应的分子机制，与代谢、神经传递、热应激和表观遗传重编程相关的基因在+3°C下的差异表达。综上所述，这些结果表明小丑鱼的发育可能在未来变暖下发生改变，发育速率、代谢速率和基因表达都会受到影响。这些变化可能导致幼虫扩散、定居时间的改变和能量消耗的增加。
Increasing ocean temperatures have been demonstrated to have a range of negative impacts on coral reef fishes. However, despite a wealth of studies of juvenile/adult reef fish, studies of how early developmental stages respond to ocean warming are limited. As overall population persistence is influenced by the development of early life stages, detailed studies of larval responses to ocean warming are essential. Here, in an aquaria-based study we investigate how temperatures associated with future warming and present-day marine heatwaves (+3 °C) impact the growth, metabolic rate, and transcriptome of 6 discrete developmental stages of clownfish larvae (Amphiprion ocellaris). A total of 6 clutches of larvae were assessed, with 897 larvae imaged, 262 larvae undergoing metabolic testing and 108 larvae subject to transcriptome sequencing. Our results show that larvae reared at +3 °C grow and develop significantly faster and exhibit higher metabolic rates than those in control conditions. Finally, we highlight the molecular mechanisms underpinning the response of larvae from different developmental stages to higher temperatures, with genes associated with metabolism, neurotransmission, heat stress and epigenetic reprogramming differentially expressed at +3 °C. Overall, these results indicate that clownfish development could be altered under future warming, with developmental rate, metabolic rate, and gene expression all affected. Such changes may lead to altered larval dispersal, changes in settlement time and increased energetic costs.