Three-dimensional multi-site random access photostimulation (3D-MAP).
Three-dimensional multi-site random access photostimulation (3D-MAP).
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.73266
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发表时间：
2022-02-14
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Pégard N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xue Y;Waller L;Adesnik H;Pégard N
神经整体活动的光学控制对于了解大脑功能和疾病至关重要，然而没有一种技术可以在大容量上以极快的速度实现对大量神经元的光遗传控制。最先进的多光子全息光遗传学需要高功率的照明，只能并行处理相对较小的神经元群体。相反，单光子全息技术可以刺激更多的神经元，功率低两到三个数量级，但分辨率或可寻址体积有限。也许最有问题的是，双光子全息光遗传系统极其昂贵和复杂，这阻碍了它们在神经科学界的广泛采用。为了解决这一技术差距，我们引入了一种新的单光子光雕刻技术，三维多点随机访问光刺激(3D-MAP)，它通过在空间域和角域以多KHz速率动态调制光来克服这些限制。我们使用3D-MAP在3D中询问神经电路，并以高时空分辨率在活体中演示了数十个用户选择的完整小鼠大脑中的神经元的同时光刺激和成像。3D-MAP由于其规模、速度、简单性和成本的强大结合，可以广泛地用于高通量全光脑电路的询问。
Optical control of neural ensemble activity is crucial for understanding brain function and disease, yet no technology can achieve optogenetic control of very large numbers of neurons at an extremely fast rate over a large volume. State-of-the-art multiphoton holographic optogenetics requires high-power illumination that only addresses relatively small populations of neurons in parallel. Conversely, one-photon holographic techniques can stimulate more neurons with two to three orders lower power, but with limited resolution or addressable volume. Perhaps most problematically, two-photon holographic optogenetic systems are extremely expensive and sophisticated which has precluded their broader adoption in the neuroscience community. To address this technical gap, we introduce a new one-photon light sculpting technique, three-dimensional multi-site random access photostimulation (3D-MAP), that overcomes these limitations by modulating light dynamically, both in the spatial and in the angular domain at multi-kHz rates. We use 3D-MAP to interrogate neural circuits in 3D and demonstrate simultaneous photostimulation and imaging of dozens of user-selected neurons in the intact mouse brain in vivo with high spatio-temporal resolution. 3D-MAP can be broadly adopted for high-throughput all-optical interrogation of brain circuits owing to its powerful combination of scale, speed, simplicity, and cost.