CREDIBILITY, PEER REVIEW, AND NATURE, 1945-1990
CREDIBILITY, PEER REVIEW, AND NATURE, 1945-1990
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DOI：
10.1098/rsnr.2015.0029
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发表时间：
2015-09-20
影响因子：
0.4
通讯作者：
Baldwin, Melinda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baldwin, Melinda
本文考察了科学周刊《自然》在二战期间和之后的裁判程序。1939年，前编辑助理L.J.F.Brimble和A.J.V.Gale担任了《自然》的联合主编。布里布尔-盖尔时代现在最著名的是编辑们对外部裁判采取的不系统的方法。尽管布里布尔和盖尔有时确实会咨询外部推荐人，但两人信任的科学家提交或推荐的论文往往不会被送出进行进一步审查。他们的继任者约翰·马多克斯也会在没有外部裁判的情况下印刷他钦佩的报纸。直到1973年，编辑大卫·戴维斯才将外部同行评审作为发表在《自然》杂志上的要求。《自然》杂志的例子表明，直到20世纪60年代，一份期刊还可以被认为在科学上是受人尊敬的，即使众所周知，它的编辑回避系统的外部同行审查。
This paper examines the refereeing procedures at the scientific weekly Nature during and after World War II. In 1939 former editorial assistants L. J. F. Brimble and A. J. V. Gale assumed a joint editorship of Nature. The Brimble-Gale era is now most famous for the editors' unsystematic approach to external refereeing. Although Brimble and Gale did sometimes consult external referees, papers submitted or recommended by scientists whom the pair trusted were often not sent out for further review. Their successor, John Maddox, would also print papers he admired without external refereeing. It was not until 1973 that editor David Davies made external peer review a requirement for publication in Nature. Nature's example shows that as late as the 1960s a journal could be considered scientifically respectable even if its editors were known to eschew systematic external peer review.