Intraindividual variability in basic reaction time predicts middle-aged and older pilots' flight simulator performance.
Intraindividual variability in basic reaction time predicts middle-aged and older pilots' flight simulator performance.
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基本反应时间的个体差异可以预测中年和老年飞行员的飞行模拟器表现。
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gbs090
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yesavage,Jerome
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kennedy,Quinn;Taylor,Joy;Heraldez,Daniel;Noda,Art;Lazzeroni,LauraC;Yesavage,Jerome
个体内变异性（IIV）与认知测验成绩呈负相关，与年龄和某些神经系统疾病呈正相关。我们的目标是将这些发现扩展到现实世界的任务，飞行模拟器的性能。我们假设，IIV预测较差的初始飞行性能和增加的速度下降的性能在中年和老年pilot.MethodTwo-hundred和36飞行员（40-69岁）完成年度评估，包括认知电池和两个75分钟的模拟飞行在飞行模拟器。基本和复杂的IIV复合变量创建的基本反应时间和转移和分散注意力的任务的措施。飞行模拟器性能的特点是由一个整体的总结分数和分数的通信，紧急情况，方法，和交通回避component.ResultsAlthough基本IIV没有预测率下降的飞行性能，它有一个负相关的初始性能的大多数飞行措施。考虑到处理速度后，基本IIV解释了额外的8%-12%的负年龄效应对初始flight performance.DiscussionIIV在现实世界的任务中起着重要的作用，是认知的另一个方面，在认知性能的年龄相关差异的基础。
ObjectivesIntraindividual variability (IIV) is negatively associated with cognitive test performance and is positively associated with age and some neurological disorders. We aimed to extend these findings to a real-world task, flight simulator performance. We hypothesized that IIV predicts poorer initial flight performance and increased rate of decline in performance among middle-aged and older pilots.MethodTwo-hundred and thirty-six pilots (40–69 years) completed annual assessments comprising a cognitive battery and two 75-min simulated flights in a flight simulator. Basic and complex IIV composite variables were created from measures of basic reaction time and shifting and divided attention tasks. Flight simulator performance was characterized by an overall summary score and scores on communication, emergencies, approach, and traffic avoidance components.ResultsAlthough basic IIV did not predict rate of decline in flight performance, it had a negative association with initial performance for most flight measures. After taking into account processing speed, basic IIV explained an additional 8%–12% of the negative age effect on initial flight performance.DiscussionIIV plays an important role in real-world tasks and is another aspect of cognition that underlies age-related differences in cognitive performance.