Tissue-Engineered Peripheral Nerve Interfaces.
Tissue-Engineered Peripheral Nerve Interfaces.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/adfm.201701713
复制
发表时间：
2018-03-21
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Schmidt, Christine E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spearman, Benjamin S;Desai, Vidhi H;Schmidt, Christine E
历史上，对神经接口的研究主要集中在大脑系统的开发上；然而，人们对周围神经接口（PNIs）越来越感兴趣，当周围神经功能受损时，例如截肢者，它可以提供益处。工作重点是设计可扩展和高性能的感觉和运动周围神经系统接口。目前的PNIs面临着几个设计挑战，如来自数千个轴突的信号欠采样、神经纤维选择性和设备组织集成。为了改善PNIs，一些研究人员转向了组织工程。周围神经组织工程的重点是设计再生支架，模拟正常神经细胞外基质组成，提供先进的微结构来刺激细胞迁移，并具有像天然神经一样的机械特性。通过将PNIs与组织工程相结合，目标是促进自然轴突再生到设备中，以促进与电极的紧密接触；相比之下，传统的PNIs依赖于将电极插入或放置在现有神经中或周围，或者不利用材料积极促进轴突再生。本文综述了PNIs和神经组织工程的最新进展，重点介绍了结合神经接口技术和组织工程的最新方法，并解决了异物反应的剩余挑战。
Research on neural interfaces has historically concentrated on development of systems for the brain; however, there is increasing interest in peripheral nerve interfaces (PNIs) that could provide benefit when peripheral nerve function is compromised, such as for amputees. Efforts focus on designing scalable and high-performance sensory and motor peripheral nervous system interfaces. Current PNIs face several design challenges such as undersampling of signals from the thousands of axons, nerve-fiber selectivity, and device-tissue integration. To improve PNIs, several researchers have turned to tissue engineering. Peripheral nerve tissue engineering has focused on designing regeneration scaffolds that mimic normal nerve extracellular matrix composition, provide advanced microarchitecture to stimulate cell migration, and have mechanical properties like the native nerve. By combining PNIs with tissue engineering, the goal is to promote natural axon regeneration into the devices to facilitate close contact with electrodes; in contrast, traditional PNIs rely on insertion or placement of electrodes into or around existing nerves, or do not utilize materials to actively facilitate axon regeneration. This review presents the state-of-the-art of PNIs and nerve tissue engineering, highlights recent approaches to combine neural-interface technology and tissue engineering, and addresses the remaining challenges with foreign-body response.