The dynamics of labour protest in an era of declining social protection
The dynamics of labour protest in an era of declining social protection
复制标题
社会保护下降时代劳工抗议的动态
DOI：
10.1080/03085147.2018.1492800
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Teresa Wright
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rudra Sil;Teresa Wright
这一专题汇集了四篇论文，旨在揭示工人的不满演变为不同形式的劳工抗议的特定背景条件，每种情况都有一系列可能的结果。作者的动机是一个共同的关注，抗议的综合统计数据和一般理论的国家或跨国劳工运动往往错过了触发抗议运动的关键因素，在一个特定的部门和/或地区。在某些情况下，抗议活动的规模会扩大，并演变成一场激进的挑战，从而加剧了涉及国家的暴力镇压。在另一些国家，不满情绪被转化为更温和的行动主义形式，旨在通过幕后讨价还价获得让步。在某些情况下，即使在一个部门内，具体情况也会在不同的工作场所引起不同的不满，产生不同的结果。然而，在发展中国家和后社会主义环境中，有一件事似乎变得更加明显：人们强烈地感到，曾经可靠的就业保障和社会保护正在崩溃，因此，劳动力中的某些部分变得比其他部分更加脆弱。作者发现，这种脆弱性的程度和性质可以有效地与工人的挫折感导致他们抗议的可能性联系起来，并与抗议可能采取的特定形式联系起来，这取决于部门或地方一级的具体背景条件。第一篇论文由伊恩·哈特肖恩（Ian Hartshorn）撰写，研究了埃及公共部门某些部门中缓慢但稳步上升的劳工骚乱，这些骚乱由工人领导，他们曾经受到国家的良好保护，但他们日益增长的蔑视后来为解放广场更大规模和更重要的抗议活动铺平了道路。的
This special feature brings together four papers that aim to uncover the particular contextual conditions within which the grievances of workers evolve into different forms of labour protests, each with a range of possible outcomes. The authors are motivated by a common concern that aggregate statistics on protest and general theories about national or transnational labour movements frequently miss the critical factors that trigger a protest movement in a particular sector and/or locale. In some cases, a protest grows in scale and evolves into a militant challenge that elicits violent repression involving the state. In others, grievances are channelled into more muted forms of activism aimed at extracting concessions through behind-the-scenes bargaining. In some cases, even within a single sector, specific situations engender varied grievances at separate workplaces, producing different kinds of outcomes. Yet, one thing seems to have become more apparent across developing and post-socialist settings: the strong sense that once-reliable employment guarantees and social protections are breaking down, with some segments of the workforce becoming more vulnerable than others as a result. The degree and character of that vulnerability, the authors find, can be fruitfully linked to the likelihood that workers’ frustrations will lead them to protest, and to the particular forms that protest can take depending on specific contextual conditions at the sectoral or local levels. The first paper, by Ian Hartshorn, examines the slow but steady rise of labour unrest within certain wings of Egypt’s public sector, led by workers who once were well protected by the state but whose growing defiance would later prepare the way for much larger and more consequential protests at Tahrir Square. The