The Politics of Resentment
The Politics of Resentment
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怨恨的政治
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Solomon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marlia E. Banning;A. Solomon
我们在美国生活和工作的时代，某些社会批评被认为不爱国或被贴上不利于国家目标和整个社会福祉的标签。这是一个以保守主义崛起而闻名的时代，政治议程推动了媒体的整合，教会和国家的融合越来越多。这并不意味着社会批评已经沉默，正如《华氏9/11》、《每日秀》、《阿尔·弗兰肯秀》以及左倾作家和前政府官员批评现任政府行为的各种书籍的流行所说明的那样。这更多的是一个维度的问题，在这个维度上，社会批评的给予和接受已经决定性地转向一个方向，表现在机构的反应中，这种反应在过去二十年中不断的媒体集团化的帮助下，接近于审查制度。这种厌恶情绪在整个世纪时起时落，在第一次世界大战后的红色恐慌、麦卡锡主义和冷战时期表现得尤为明显。正如唐纳德·拉泽尔（Donald Lazere）所指出的，冷战期间，“对美国和资本主义的批评实际上暂停了”（9）。这一循环在20世纪80年代被重复，“冷战的重新升温以及随之而来的保守派试图扼杀或诋毁对美国和资本主义的左翼批评”（9）。琼·斯科特重申，从20世纪80年代起，与“里根-布什革命”结盟的保守派积极寻求“通过诋毁意识形态和文化上的不一致来中和它”（4）。在他的忏悔自传《被权利蒙蔽：良心》中，
We in the United States live and work in a time when certain strands of social criticism are deemed unpatriotic or are labeled as detrimental to the aims of the state and the well being of society as a whole. It is a time known for the rise of conservatism, with a consolidation of media that is driven by a political agenda, and an increasing conflation of church and state. This does not mean that social criticism has been silenced, as illustrated by the popularity of Fahrenheit 9/11, The Daily Show, The Al Frankin Show, and a variety of books by left-leaning authors and ex-government offi cials critiquing the actions of the current administration. It is more a matter of dimension, in which the give and take of social criticism has swung decidedly in one direction, manifested in institutional responses bordering on censorship that are aided by continual media conglomeration across the past two decades.1 A loathing of the critical is not new to this time but, instead, is cyclical in American public discourse. This loathing rose and fell across the twentieth century and was evident during the Red Scare after World War I, McCarthyism, and the cold war era. During the cold war, as Donald Lazere notes, there was a "virtual moratorium on criticism of the United States and capitalism" (9). This cycle was repeated in the 1980s with "the reheating of the cold war and attendant conservative attempts to stifle or denigrate left criticisms of America and capitalism" (9). Joan Scott reiterates that from the 1980s and forward, conservatives aligned with the "Reagan-Bush revolution" have actively sought "to neutralize the space of ideo logical and cultural nonconformity by discrediting it" (4). In his confessional autobiography, Blinded by the Right: The Conscience