Increased colonic propionate reduces anticipatory reward responses in the human striatum to high-energy foods.
Increased colonic propionate reduces anticipatory reward responses in the human striatum to high-energy foods.
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.115.126706
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发表时间：
2016-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Frost GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Byrne CS;Chambers ES;Alhabeeb H;Chhina N;Morrison DJ;Preston T;Tedford C;Fitzpatrick J;Irani C;Busza A;Garcia-Perez I;Fountana S;Holmes E;Goldstone AP;Frost GS
背景资料：短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）是微生物发酵非消化性膳食成分产生的代谢产物，在能量平衡中起着关键作用。动物研究表明，结肠来源的SCFAs通过中枢机制调节摄食行为。在人类中，SCFA丙酸盐的结肠产量增加会急剧减少能量摄入。然而，结肠丙酸盐对人类大脑或基于奖励的饮食行为的影响的证据目前还不可用。目的：我们研究了在食物图片评价过程中，结肠丙酸产生增加对大脑预期奖励反应的影响。我们假设，结肠丙酸盐升高会通过刺激促消化性肠道激素分泌减少奖赏反应和随意能量摄入。设计图：在一项随机交叉设计中，20名健康的非肥胖男性在食用控制菊粉或菊粉丙酸酯（一种独特的饮食化合物，选择性地增加结肠丙酸酯的产生）后完成了功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）食物图片评估任务。血氧水平依赖性（BOLD）信号是在参与奖励处理的先验脑区测量的，包括尾状核、杏仁核、前额叶和眶额皮质（n = 18）。结果：增加结肠丙酸产量减少BOLD信号在尾状核和脑桥核的食物图片评价。在尾状核中，BOLD信号的减少是由对高能量食物的反应降低引起的。这些中枢效应伴随着高能量食物图片的主观吸引力降低和随意进食期间能量摄入减少。这些观察结果与血肽YY（PYY）、胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP-1）、葡萄糖或胰岛素浓度的变化无关。结论：我们的研究结果表明，结肠丙酸生产可能发挥重要作用，通过纹状体途径衰减奖励为基础的饮食行为，独立于血浆PYY和GLP-1的变化。本试验在clinicaltrials.gov上注册为NCT 00750438。
Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), metabolites produced through the microbial fermentation of nondigestible dietary components, have key roles in energy homeostasis. Animal research suggests that colon-derived SCFAs modulate feeding behavior via central mechanisms. In humans, increased colonic production of the SCFA propionate acutely reduces energy intake. However, evidence of an effect of colonic propionate on the human brain or reward-based eating behavior is currently unavailable. Objectives: We investigated the effect of increased colonic propionate production on brain anticipatory reward responses during food picture evaluation. We hypothesized that elevated colonic propionate would reduce both reward responses and ad libitum energy intake via stimulation of anorexigenic gut hormone secretion. Design: In a randomized crossover design, 20 healthy nonobese men completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) food picture evaluation task after consumption of control inulin or inulin-propionate ester, a unique dietary compound that selectively augments colonic propionate production. The blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) signal was measured in a priori brain regions involved in reward processing, including the caudate, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, anterior insula, and orbitofrontal cortex (n = 18 had analyzable fMRI data). Results: Increasing colonic propionate production reduced BOLD signal during food picture evaluation in the caudate and nucleus accumbens. In the caudate, the reduction in BOLD signal was driven specifically by a lowering of the response to high-energy food. These central effects were partnered with a decrease in subjective appeal of high-energy food pictures and reduced energy intake during an ad libitum meal. These observations were not related to changes in blood peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose, or insulin concentrations. Conclusion: Our results suggest that colonic propionate production may play an important role in attenuating reward-based eating behavior via striatal pathways, independent of changes in plasma PYY and GLP-1. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00750438.