Dimensions of personality disturbance after focal brain damage: Investigation with the Iowa Scales of Personality Change
Dimensions of personality disturbance after focal brain damage: Investigation with the Iowa Scales of Personality Change
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DOI：
10.1080/13803395.2011.561300
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Tranel, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barrash, Joseph;Asp, Erik;Tranel, Daniel
本研究采用多步骤、理性-实证的研究方法，对脑损伤患者的人格障碍维度进行了研究：（a）基于实证文献和概念基础，假设了5个维度：（B）对爱荷华州人格变化量表（ISPC）进行主成分分析，确定30个人格特征之间的协方差模式;（c）当主成分分析结果与基于概念的维度之间存在差异时，对经验发现和临床考虑进行权衡，以确定ISPC量表与维度的分配;（d）通过检查相互关系来评估数据与精确维度的拟合;（e）对关于维度与腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC）损伤的关系的差异预测进行了测试。这一过程导致了五个维度的规范：扰乱社会行为，执行/决策缺陷，减少动机/hypo-consciousness，易怒，和苦恼。与预测结果雅阁的是，与96名大脑其他部位有局灶性病变的参与者相比，28名VMPFC病变的参与者有更明显的社会行为障碍和执行/决策缺陷，并且倾向于有更多的动机减退/低自主性。在vmPFC组中，易怒性并不显著更高，并且各组的痛苦水平非常相似。研究结果表明，概念上独特的维度与VMPFC的差异关系，可以从爱荷华州量表的人格变化。
This study employed a multistep, rational-empirical approach to identify dimensions of personality disturbance in brain-damaged individuals: (a) Five dimensions were hypothesized based on empirical literature and conceptual grounds; (b) principal components analysis was performed on the Iowa Scales of Personality Change (ISPC) to determine the pattern of covariance among 30 personality characteristics; (c) when discrepancies existed between principal components analysis results and conceptually based dimensions, empirical findings and clinical considerations were weighed to determine assignment of ISPC scales to dimensions; (d) the fit of data to the refined dimensions was assessed by examination of intercorrelations; (e) differential predictions concerning the relationship of dimensions to ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) damage were tested. This process resulted in the specification of five dimensions: Disturbed Social Behavior, Executive/Decision-Making Deficits, Diminished Motivation/Hypo-Emotionality, Irascibility, and Distress. In accord with predictions, the 28 participants with vmPFC lesions, compared to 96 participants with focal lesions elsewhere in the brain, had significantly more Disturbed Social Behavior and Executive/Decision-Making Deficits and tended to have more Diminished Motivation/Hypo-Emotionality. Irascibility was not significantly higher among the vmPFC group, and the groups had very similar levels of Distress. The findings indicate that conceptually distinctive dimensions with differential relationships to vmPFC can be derived from the Iowa Scales of Personality Change.