Chemotherapy Resistance Mechanisms in Advanced Skin Cancer.
Chemotherapy Resistance Mechanisms in Advanced Skin Cancer.
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DOI：
10.4081/oncol.2017.326
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发表时间：
2017-03-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Pai VR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalal BS;Upadhya D;Pai VR
黑色素瘤是一种最危险和致命的皮肤癌，被认为对放疗和化疗都有内在的抵抗力。它已成为一个主要的公共卫生问题，因为黑色素瘤的发病率在最近几十年一直在稳步上升，5年生存率仍低于5%。在早期阶段检测到这种疾病可能是可治愈的，但晚期转移性疾病已经扩散到其他器官，预后极差，中位生存期不到10个月。由于转移性黑色素瘤对目前可用的治疗无反应，因此研究现在集中在不同的治疗策略上，例如手术，化疗和放疗的组合。在黑色素瘤中观察到的对化疗的抗性的分子基础是多因素的;缺陷的药物转运系统、改变的凋亡途径、凋亡的失调和/或介导细胞代谢机制的酶系统的变化。了解参与耐药性的分子过程的改变可能有助于开发新的治疗方法来治疗恶性黑色素瘤。
Melanoma is a most dangerous and deadly type of skin cancer, and considered intrinsically resistant to both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It has become a major public health concern as the incidence of melanoma has been rising steadily over recent decades with a 5-year survival remaining less than 5%. Detection of the disease in early stage may be curable, but late stage metastatic disease that has spread to other organs has an extremely poor prognosis with a median survival of less than 10 months. Since metastatic melanoma is unresponsive to therapy that is currently available, research is now focused on different treatment strategies such as combinations of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The molecular basis of resistance to chemotherapy seen in melanoma is multifactorial; defective drug transport system, altered apoptotic pathway, deregulation of apoptosis and/or changes in enzymatic systems that mediate cellular metabolic machinery. Understanding of alterations in molecular processes involved in drug resistance may help in developing new therapeutic approaches to treatment of malignant melanoma.