Using Caloric Efficiency to Estimate the Energy Value of Soybean Meal Relative to Corn and Its Effects on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs
Using Caloric Efficiency to Estimate the Energy Value of Soybean Meal Relative to Corn and Its Effects on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs
复制标题
利用热量效率估算豆粕相对于玉米的能量价值及其对保育猪生长性能的影响
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Goodband
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Cemin;M. Tokach;S. Dritz;J. Woodworth;J. DeRouchey;R. Goodband
本试验旨在测定保育猪日粮中豆粕相对于玉米的能量值，并研究提高豆粕添加量的效果。将总计2，233头猪（PIC 337 × 1050，亨德森维尔，TN）（初始体重为24.2 lb（BW））置于92个畜栏中，每个畜栏有20 - 27头混合性别猪。断奶后，喂普通日粮21 d，然后以BW为区组因子，采用完全随机区组设计将试验猪分配至各处理组。试验日粮由21%、27%、33%和39%的SBM组成，通过改变饲料级氨基酸（AA）和玉米的量获得，并饲喂21 d。用于饮食配制的豆粕NE值为947 kcal/lb。每个处理有23个重复。称重并测量饲料消耗，以计算平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）、饲料效率（F/G）和热量效率（CE）。使用SAS的GLIMMIX程序分析数据，区组作为随机效应，治疗作为固定效应。构建了单自由度对比，以检验增加SBM的线性和二次效应。存在ADG的二次响应趋势（P = 0.090），观察到高达33% SBM的改善。随着日粮SBM的增加，ADFI有下降的趋势（线性，P = 0.092）。喂饲含SBM量增加的日粮的猪，其F/G的改善趋势（二次曲线，P = 0.066）为33% SBM，然后在喂饲39% SBM时恢复到对照值。随着SBM的增加，CE有所改善（线性，P = 0.001;二次曲线，P = 0.065）。使用CE作为估计SBM相对于玉米的能量含量的手段，使用所有4个数据点确定105.4%的玉米能量或1，277千卡/磅NE的值。当由于二次趋势而去除39%SBM处理的CE值并且仅使用CE响应的线性部分时，估计SBM具有121.1%的玉米能量或1，468 kcal/lb NE。总之，本研究的结果表明，饲喂高达33%的SBM可提高ADG，F/G和CE。SBM的能量值估计在玉米的105%至121%之间，远高于目前建议的玉米的78%。这具有重要的影响，因为它增加了SBM在饮食配方中的价值。
An experiment was conducted to estimate the energy value of soybean meal (SBM) relative to corn and determine the effects of increasing amounts of SBM in nursery pig diets. A total of 2,233 pigs (PIC 337 × 1050, Hendersonville, TN), initially 24.2 lb body weight (BW), were placed in 92 pens with 20 to 27 mixed gender pigs per pen. After weaning, pigs were fed common diets for 21 d and then assigned to treatments in a randomized complete block design with BW as the blocking factor. Treatment diets consisted of 21, 27, 33, or 39% SBM, obtained by changing the amount of feed-grade amino acids (AA) and corn, and were fed for 21 d. Soybean meal NE value used in diet formulation was 947 kcal/lb. There were 23 replicates per treatment. Pigs were weighed and feed disappearance measured to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed efficiency (F/G), and caloric efficiency (CE). Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS with block as a random effect and treatment as a fixed effect. Single degree-of-freedom contrasts were constructed to test the linear and quadratic effects of increasing SBM. There was a tendency (P = 0.090) for a quadratic response for ADG, with an improvement observed up to 33% SBM. There was a tendency (linear, P = 0.092) for a decrease in ADFI as dietary SBM increased. Pigs fed diets with increasing SBM had a tendency (quadratic, P = 0.066) for an improvement in F/G up to 33% SBM then returned to control values when 39% SBM was fed. There was an improvement (linear, P = 0.001; quadratic, P = 0.065) in CE with increasing SBM. Using CE as a means to estimate the energy content of SBM relative to corn, a value of 105.4% of corn energy or 1,277 kcal/lb NE was determined using all 4 data points. When removing the CE value of the 39% SBM treatment due to the quadratic tendency and just using the linear portion of the CE response, SBM was estimated to have 121.1% of corn energy or 1,468 kcal/lb NE. In conclusion, the results of the current study suggest that feeding SBM up to 33% improves ADG, F/G, and CE. The energy value of SBM is estimated between 105 and 121% of corn, much greater than the current suggested value of 78% of corn. This has important ramifications as it increases the value of SBM in diet formulation.