The contribution of the cerebellum to speech production and speech perception: Clinical and functional imaging data
The contribution of the cerebellum to speech production and speech perception: Clinical and functional imaging data
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DOI：
10.1080/14734220701266742
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Riecker, Axel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ackermann, Hermann;Mathiak, Klaus;Riecker, Axel
临床神经学的经典原则认为，小脑疾病可能会引起言语运动障碍（共济失调性构音障碍），但不会影响言语交流的感知和认知方面。然而，在过去的二十年里，语音产生的各种高阶缺陷，例如。例如，在患有血管性小脑病变的患者中，已经注意到或多或少的排他性语法失语、遗忘性或经皮层运动性失语症，并且儿童后颅窝肿瘤切除术后的短暂性沉默症可能会发展成类似的症状。灌注研究为小脑-大脑神经联系联系不全作为这些情况下可能的病理机制提供了证据。语言主导的额叶和对侧小脑半球之间的紧密功能连接是这种远距离效应的先决条件。最近的功能成像数据表明，右小脑半球与语言主导的背外侧和内侧额叶区域一起，对发声前语言代码（“内部言语”）的时间组织做出了贡献，即以说话者习惯语速对音节串进行排序。除了电机控制之外，该网络似乎还具有执行功能，例如。例如，言语工作记忆的潜声排练机制，似乎是在不同的言语感知任务中被招募的。因此，总而言之，与右小脑/左额叶相互作用相关的发声前语言代码可能代表了认知功能中各种小脑参与的共同平台。在这个框架内，小脑结构提供的独特计算操作似乎是将音节串串联成联合序列。
A classical tenet of clinical neurology proposes that cerebellar disorders may give rise to speech motor disorders ( ataxic dysarthria), but spare perceptual and cognitive aspects of verbal communication. During the past two decades, however, a variety of higher-order deficits of speech production, e. g., more or less exclusive agrammatism, amnesic or transcortical motor aphasia, have been noted in patients with vascular cerebellar lesions, and transient mutism following resection of posterior fossa tumors in children may develop into similar constellations. Perfusion studies provided evidence for cerebello-cerebral diaschisis as a possible pathomechanism in these instances. Tight functional connectivity between the language-dominant frontal lobe and the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere represents a prerequisite of such long-distance effects. Recent functional imaging data point at a contribution of the right cerebellar hemisphere, concomitant with language-dominant dorsolateral and medial frontal areas, to the temporal organization of a prearticulatory verbal code (`inner speech'), in terms of the sequencing of syllable strings at a speaker's habitual speech rate. Besides motor control, this network also appears to be engaged in executive functions, e. g., subvocal rehearsal mechanisms of verbal working memory, and seems to be recruited during distinct speech perception tasks. Taken together, thus, a prearticulatory verbal code bound to reciprocal right cerebellar/left frontal interactions might represent a common platform for a variety of cerebellar engagements in cognitive functions. The distinct computational operation provided by cerebellar structures within this framework appears to be the concatenation of syllable strings into coarticulated sequences.