Income distribution, socioeconomic status, and self rated health in the United States: multilevel analysis
Income distribution, socioeconomic status, and self rated health in the United States: multilevel analysis
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DOI：
10.1136/bmj.317.7163.917
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发表时间：
1998-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Kennedy;I. Kawachi;R. Glass;D. Prothrow-Stith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Kennedy;I. Kawachi;R. Glass;D. Prothrow-Stith
摘要目的：在控制个人特征（如社会经济地位）的同时，确定一个州内收入不平等对自测健康状况的影响。设计：横断面多水平研究。收集了美国50个州的收入分配数据。基尼系数被用来衡量全州的收入不平等。1993年和1994年行为危险因素监测系统收集了每个州个人的随机概率样本，这是一项随机数字电话调查。这项调查收集个人收入、教育、自我评估的健康状况和其他健康风险因素的信息。设置：所有50个州。受试者：18岁或以上的平民、非机构化（即非监禁和非住院）美国居民。主要结果测量：自我评定的健康状况。结果如下：当个人特征和家庭收入被控制时，生活在收入不平等最严重的州的个人比生活在收入不平等最小的州的个人更有可能报告他们的健康状况为公平或贫穷。结论：收入分配的不平等与独立于家庭收入的影响对健康的不利影响有关。
Abstract Objective: To determine the effect of inequalities in income within a state on self rated health status while controlling for individual characteristics such as socioeconomic status. Design: Cross sectional multilevel study. Data were collected on income distribution in each of the 50 states in the United States. The Gini coefficient was used to measure statewide inequalities in income. Random probability samples of individuals in each state were collected by the 1993 and 1994 behavioural risk factor surveillance system, a random digit telephone survey. The survey collects information on an individual's income, education, self rated health and other health risk factors. Setting: All 50 states. Subjects: Civilian, non-institutionalised (that is, non-incarcerated and non-hospitalised) US residents aged 18 years or older. Main outcome measure: Self rated health status. Results: When personal characteristics and household income were controlled for, individuals living in states with the greatest inequalities in income were 30% more likely to report their health as fair or poor than individuals living in states with the smallest inequalities in income. Conclusions: Inequality in the distribution of income was associated with an adverse impact on health independent of the effect of household income.