Geo-slicer, a Newly Invented Soil Sampler, for High-Resolution Active Fault Studies
Geo-slicer, a Newly Invented Soil Sampler, for High-Resolution Active Fault Studies
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Geo-slicer，一种新发明的土壤采样器，用于高分辨率活动断层研究
DOI：
10.5026/jgeography.106.59
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
K. Shimazaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Nakata;K. Shimazaki
我们发明了一种全新的简单方法和高分辨率活动断层研究所需的新设备。用一种新发明的采样器“地质切片器”提取松散土层的垂直薄片。提取的切片可以带到实验室进行仔细检查，也可以在会议上展示，甚至可以保存起来供将来复查（图1）。该方法不仅可以在活动断层研究中进行高分辨率分析，而且可以在第四纪其他研究领域进行高分辨率分析，节省了时间、人力和金钱。我们制作了三种不同尺寸的Geo-slicers，并在现场进行了成功的测试。地理切片机由钢制成，结构简单，由箱体和百叶窗组成（图2和图3）。在盒子和百叶窗上安装了几个装置，例如楔形侧壁和盒子底部的塞子，以便于拔出设备和稳定保持样品（图4）。采样时，我们先用振锤将箱体垂直向下插入地面（图1），然后快门沿箱体两侧的细缝滑动，拉出装有样品的设备。提取的沉积物层令人惊讶地没有受到干扰，并且显示出与之前在提取地点附近挖掘的沟壁上观察到的几乎相同的特征（图2和3）。用这种方法采集的最大样品宽150厘米，长（深）270厘米，厚8-15厘米（图4）。这种采样方法在活动断层研究中比传统的沟槽开挖技术要有效得多，我们将能够进行活动断层的三维分析、水平断层滑动的恢复等古地震研究（图6）。
We invented a completely new simple method and new equipment necessary for high-resolution active fault studies. Vertical thin sections of unconsolidated soil layers are extracted by a newly invented sampler named “Geo-slicer”.Extracted sections can be taken to a laboratory for close examination or can be displayed at a meeting or even stored for future re-examinations (Fig. 1). This method enables us to carry on high-resolution analyses not only in active fault studies but also in other fields of Quaternary sciences with less expenditure of time, labor and money.We made three different-sized Geo-slicers and tested them successfully in the field. A Geo-slicer is made of steel and has a simple structure composed of a box and its shutter (Figs. 2 and 3). Several devices are implemented to the box and the shutter, such as wedge-shaped side walls and a stopper at the bottom of the box for easy pull-out of the equipment and steady-holding of samples (Fig. 4).For sampling, we firstly intrude the box vertically down into the ground by using a vibro-hammer (Photo 1) and then shutter sliding along the thin slits attached to the both sides of the box, and pull out the equipment containing samples.The extracted layers of sediments are surprisingly undisturbed and show almost the same features as previously observed on trench walls excavated close to the extraction sites (Photos 2 and 3). The largest sample collected by this method is 150 cm wide, 270 cm long (deep) and 8-15 cm thick (Photo 4).This sampling method is far more effective on active fault studies than the conventional trench excavation technique and we will be able to carry out three-dimensional analysis of active faulting, restoration of horizontal fault slips and so on for paleoseismological studies (Fig. 6).