PULMONARY LESIONS IN DISSEMINATED VISCERAL COCCIDIOSIS OF SANDHILL AND WHOOPING CRANES
PULMONARY LESIONS IN DISSEMINATED VISCERAL COCCIDIOSIS OF SANDHILL AND WHOOPING CRANES
复制标题
沙丘鹤播散性内脏球虫病的肺部病变
DOI：
10.7589/0090-3558-25.4.527
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. White
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Novilla;J. W. Carpenter;T. K. Jeffers;S. White
以50只鹤为研究对象，包括46只沙丘鹤（Grus canadensis）和4只美洲鹤（Cms americana）。18只沙丘鹤和4只鸣鹤自然感染播散性内脏球虫病（DVC）。剩余的沙鹤为实验感染赖氏艾美耳球虫和/或格鲁氏艾美耳球虫卵囊的雏鸡；5只小鸡作为对照。无呼吸道感染的临床症状。自然感染的成年鸟的尸检显示，许多器官都有结节，包括肺、气囊、气管和鼻腔。人工感染的沙丘鹤和死于DVC的鸣鹤雏鸟肺部充血和硬化，气道中有泡沫液体。接种后10天观察到肉眼可见的结节。光镜下观察肉芽肿性肺炎、气管炎。病变与艾美拉球虫的分子期和配子体期有关。肉芽肿和肉芽肿灶含有寄生的大单核细胞。淋巴样细胞超微结构检查可见分裂期。在气管和支气管粘膜中观察到卵囊，并在气道中混杂渗出物，说明白眉猴可以在这些部位完成其生命周期。在鸟类和哺乳动物中具有肠外发育阶段的少数艾球虫中，只有鹤类的艾球虫在消化道和呼吸道中完成其生命周期。
Fifty cranes, consisting of 46 sandhill (Grus canadensis) and four whooping cranes (Cms americana), were studied. Eighteen sandhill cranes and the four whooping cranes were naturally infected with disseminated visceral coccidiosis (DVC). The remaining sandhill cranes were chicks experimentally infected with oocysts of Eimeria reichenowi and/or E. gruis; five chicks served as controls. There were no clinical signs attributed to respiratory infection. Necropsy of naturally infected adult birds revealed nodules in many organs, including the lung, air sacs, trachea and nares. Artificially infected sandhill cranes and the whooping crane chicks that died from DVC had congestion and consolidated areas in the lung with frothy fluid in the airways. Grossly visible nodules were observed from 10 days postinoculation. Granulomatous pneumonia and tracheitis were observed with light microscopy. Lesions were associated with merogonic and gametogonic stages of eimerian coccidia. Granulomas and granulomatous foci contained parasitized large mononuclear cells. Merogonic stages were seen in lymphoid cells by ultrastructural examination. Oocysts were observed in the trachea and bronchial mucosa and admixed with exudate in the airways, indicating that crane eimerians can complete their life cycle at these sites. Of the few eimeriid coccidia that have extraintestinal stages of development in birds and mammals, only the species in cranes complete their life cycle in both the digestive and respiratory tracts.