Sentinel-1 ESA's New European Radar Observatory
Sentinel-1 ESA's New European Radar Observatory
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发表时间：
2008-06
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通讯作者：
E. Attema;M. Davidson;N. Floury;G. Levrini;B. Rosich;B. Rommen;P. Snoeij
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作者：
E. Attema;M. Davidson;N. Floury;G. Levrini;B. Rosich;B. Rommen;P. Snoeij
在欧洲，空间技术的发展正由欧洲航天局在其成员国及其正常的民主程序的严格控制下进行协调。对于除气象学以外的成熟的地球观测应用，正在根据向最终用户提供的服务的明确要求，正在形成一个新的欧洲业务卫星方案框架。全球环境与安全监测方案是欧洲联盟(欧盟)和欧洲航天局(欧空局)的一项联合倡议。作为全球导航卫星系统空间部分的一部分，欧空局正在开发欧洲雷达观测站(哨兵-1)，这是一种欧洲极地轨道卫星系统，用于继续进行合成孔径雷达的业务应用。哨兵1号是C波段的成像雷达任务，旨在为用户服务提供连续的数据。特别强调在欧空局的GMES服务要素(GSE)计划中确定的服务。其他投入来自欧空局、欧盟(FP5和FP6)和欧空局/欧盟成员国资助的正在进行的GMES项目。欧洲联盟用户协商工作组确定了特派团的三个优先事项(快速通道服务)：海洋核心服务、陆地监测和紧急服务。本文描述了哨兵一号的任务。它概述了特派团的目标和系统实施情况。将讨论特派团业务的要求和限制(例如覆盖范围、重访时间、下行链路数据速率)。将采用常规预编程序的特派团行动概念。基于为准备哨兵1号任务所做的飞行任务分析工作，本文介绍了一些关键的用户信息产品，如冰类型分类、船舶探测、水稻作物监测、土壤湿度测量、森林测绘、陆地表面运动测量等的精度与典型系统对工程参数的要求之间的关系，如空间分辨率、灵敏度、辐射分辨率和校准精度。
In Europe the development of space technology is being coordinated by the European Space Agency under tight control of its Member States and their normal democratic procedures. For mature Earth observation applications other than meteorology a new European programme framework for operational satellites is emerging, based on the explicit requirements of services provided to the end-user. The Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) programme is a joint initiative of the European Union (EU) and the European Space Agency (ESA). As part of the GMES space component, ESA is undertaking the development of a European Radar Observatory (Sentinel-1), a European polar orbiting satellite system for the continuation of SAR operational applications. Sentinel1 is an imaging radar mission at C-band aimed at providing continuity of data for user services. Special emphasis is placed on services identified in ESA’s GMES service elements (GSE) program. Additional inputs come from ongoing GMES projects funded by ESA, EU (FP5 and FP6) and ESA/EU member states. Three priorities (fast-track services) for the mission have been identified by user consultation working groups of the European Union: Marine Core Services, Land Monitoring and Emergency Services. This paper describes the Sentinel-1 mission. It provides an overview of the mission objectives and system implementation. Requirements and constraints (e.g. coverage, revisit time, downlink data rate) for the mission operations will be discussed. A routine pre-programmed mission operations concept will be introduced. Based on mission analysis work in preparation of the Sentinel-1 mission the presentation introduces the relation between the accuracy of a number of key user information products such as ice type classification, ship detection, rice crop monitoring, soil moisture measurement, forest mapping, land surface movement measurement on the one hand and typical system requirements on engineering parameters such as spatial resolution, sensitivity, radiometric resolution, and calibration accuracy.