Community of extremely halophilic bacteria in historic Dagong Brine Well in southwestern China
Community of extremely halophilic bacteria in historic Dagong Brine Well in southwestern China
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DOI：
10.1007/s11274-008-9744-0
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Sun, Qun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiang, Wenliang;Guo, Jianhua;Sun, Qun
四川自贡大公卤井是有记载以来最早的人工卤井，其建筑和设施主要由竹、木、石等材料制成，极易被卤井中的嗜盐菌侵蚀。为了更好地保护这一历史地标，我们首次对大公井卤水中的微生物群落和嗜盐菌多样性进行了调查。共分离出112株嗜盐菌，并根据其表型，细胞脂肪酸组成和16 S rRNA进行了表征。此外，还利用16 S-23 S核糖体RNA基因间隔区（ISR）的PCR片段长度多态性对近缘菌株的种内遗传进行了筛选。结果表明，本研究中分离到的嗜盐菌与动球菌属、盐单胞菌属、盐杆菌属、海洋杆菌属和域杆菌属的分支Virgibacillus关系密切。盐单胞菌属和盐杆菌属为优势属，分别占分离菌株总数的27%和40%。其它属的分布依次为海洋芽孢杆菌属（18%）、微芽孢杆菌属（10%）和动球菌属（5%）。ISR分析揭示了海洋芽孢杆菌和盐芽孢杆菌相关菌株在表型和生理特性上的带型变异。表明这些嗜盐菌在其发生过程中通过基本的生理进化适应了特殊的人工高盐环境，从而导致了表型和基因型的多样性。
The Dagong Brine Well, the earliest man-made brine well in record, located in Zigong, Sichuan, China, had the construction and facilities mainly made of bamboo, wood and stone that are eroded easily by halophiles colonizing in the brine of the well. To better preserve this historic placemark, we initiated an investigation on the microbial community and the diversity of the halophilic bacteria in the brine of Dagong well for the first time. A total of 112 aerobic halophile strains were isolated and characterized according to their phenotype, cellular fatty acids composition and 16S rRNA. Furthermore, the intra specific phylogeny of closely related strains was also screened by PCR fragment length polymorphism of 16S-23S ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer regions (ISR). The result showed that the halophilic isolates found in current study were closely related to the following genera: Planococcus, Halomonas, Halobacillus, Oceanobacillus and Virgibacillus, a lineage of the domain Bacteria. Halomonas and Halobacillus were the dominant genera as represents 27% and 40% of the total isolates, respectively. The distribution of other genera was as follows: Oceanobacillus (18%), Virgibacillus (10%) and Planococcus (5%). The ISR analysis disclosed variation of banding pattern in some isolates related to Oceanobacillus and Halobacillus which was observed with phenotypic and physiological characterizations as well. It was clear that these halophiles have adapted to the special man-made hypersaline environment by the basic physiological evolution during phylogenesis and thus resulted in phenotypic and genotypic diversity in the Dagong Brine Well.