Childhood antecedents of exposure to traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Childhood antecedents of exposure to traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder.
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童年经历过创伤性事件和创伤后应激障碍。
DOI：
10.1176/ajp.2007.164.1.119
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Breslau,Naomi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Storr,CarlaL;Ialongo,NicholasS;Anthony,JamesC;Breslau,Naomi
作者前瞻性地研究了童年的前因暴露于创伤性事件，估计创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的风险暴露于traumatic.MethodTwo连续队列的儿童进入一个大的一个公立学校系统的一年级在大西洋中部的城市在20世纪80年代中期，进入青年成年（平均年龄=21）。在75%的原始队列（N= 1，698）中评估了创伤事件暴露和PTSD。在进入一年级时进行的儿童评估包括阅读准备的标准化测量，教师对行为问题的评级，以及儿童对抑郁和焦虑的自我报告。家庭特征进行了评估，由家长report.ResultsYoung成年人谁已被评为他们的一年级教师作为有侵略性/破坏性行为问题更有可能经历创伤性攻击暴力事件（例如，被抢劫/用武器威胁，严重殴打）（相对风险=2.6），但不是创伤暴露后的PTSD。在一年级时，自评抑郁和焦虑情绪水平高的青少年一旦暴露于创伤，更有可能经历创伤后应激障碍（相对危险度=1.5）。在一年级的阅读测试中得分最高的四分位数的青少年暴露于攻击性暴力traumas.ConclusionsChildhood行为和抑郁/焦虑问题可能会影响创伤后应激障碍的风险直接增加创伤暴露的创伤后应激障碍的影响的脆弱性，间接增加暴露于攻击性暴力的可能性。
ObjectiveThe authors prospectively examined childhood antecedents of exposure to traumatic events to estimate the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among those exposed to trauma.MethodTwo consecutive cohorts of children entering first grade of a public school system in a large mid-Atlantic city in the mid-1980s were followed into young adulthood (mean age=21). Exposure to traumatic events and PTSD were assessed in 75% of the original cohort (N=1,698). Childhood assessments, conducted upon entry into the first grade, included standardized measures of reading readiness, teacher ratings of behavioral problems, and child self-reports about depression and anxiety. Family characteristics were assessed by parental report.ResultsYoung adults who had been rated by their first grade teacher as having aggressive/disruptive behavior problems were more likely to experience traumatic assaultive violence events (e.g., being mugged/threatened with a weapon, badly beaten-up) (relative risk=2.6) but not PTSD following trauma exposure. Youths with high levels of self-rated depressive and anxious feelings in first grade were more likely to experience PTSD once exposed to trauma (relative risk=1.5). Youths who scored in the highest quartile on a reading test in the first grade were at lower risk for exposure to assaultive violence traumas.ConclusionsChildhood behavioral and depressive/anxious problems may influence the risk for PTSD directly by increasing the vulnerability to the PTSD effects of trauma exposure, and indirectly by increasing the likelihood of exposure to assaultive violence.