Metagenomic signatures of the Peru Margin subseafloor biosphere show a genetically distinct environment
Metagenomic signatures of the Peru Margin subseafloor biosphere show a genetically distinct environment
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0709942105
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发表时间：
2008-07-29
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
House, Christopher H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biddle, Jennifer F.;Fitz-Gibbon, Sorel;House, Christopher H.
海底下海洋生物圈可能是地球上最大的微生物生物量储存库之一，最近一直就其微生物居民的组成，特别是秘鲁边缘沉积物的组成进行辩论。利用全基因组扩增和焦磷酸测序技术对秘鲁边缘大洋钻探计划1229号站点的沉积物进行宏基因组分析，以进一步探索该环境中的微生物多样性和总体群落组成。从海底以下1、16、32和50米处的沉积物中共测序了61.9 Mb的遗传物质。这些深度包括沉积柱中主要产生硫酸盐还原甲烷的区域的沉积物。注释基因中的许多基因，包括那些编码核糖体蛋白的基因，与来自绿球藻和广古菌的基因相对应。然而，16S小亚基核糖体基因的分析表明，泉古菌是丰富的微生物成员。定量PCR证实，未培养的Crenarchaeota确实是一个主要的微生物组在这些地下样品。这些研究结果表明，海洋地下是一个独特的微生物栖息地，是从宏基因组学研究的环境不同，特别是因为未开垦的古菌群体的优势。
The subseafloor marine biosphere may be one of the largest reservoirs of microbial biomass on Earth and has recently been the subject of debate in terms of the composition of its microbial inhabitants, particularly on sediments from the Peru Margin. A metagenomic analysis was made by using whole-genome amplification and pyrosequencing of sediments from Ocean Drilling Program Site 1229 on the Peru Margin to further explore the microbial diversity and overall community composition within this environment. A total of 61.9 Mb of genetic material was sequenced from sediments at horizons 1, 16, 32, and 50 m below the seafloor. These depths include sediments from both primarily sulfate-reducing methane-generating regions of the sediment column. Many genes of the annotated genes, including those encoding ribosomal proteins, corresponded to those from the Chloroflexi and Euryarchaeota. However, analysis of the 16S small-subunit ribosomal genes suggests that Crenarchaeota are the abundant microbial member. Quantitative PCR confirms that uncultivated Crenarchaeota are indeed a major microbial group in these subsurface samples. These findings show that the marine subsurface is a distinct microbial habitat and is different from environments studied by metagenomics, especially because of the predominance of uncultivated archaeal groups.