Geographic Variation in Social Parasite Pressure Predicts Intraspecific but not Interspecific Aggressive Responses in Hosts of a Slavemaking Ant
Geographic Variation in Social Parasite Pressure Predicts Intraspecific but not Interspecific Aggressive Responses in Hosts of a Slavemaking Ant
复制标题
社会寄生虫压力的地理变化预测了奴隶制蚂蚁宿主的种内而不是种间的攻击性反应
作者：
Kleeberg;E. Jongepier;S. Job;S. Foitzik
在一个物种的地理范围内，群落组成的变化导致不同的选择压力，从而导致性状表达的种群间变异。最普遍的选择力之一来自寄生虫等拮抗剂。微寄生虫的宿主发展了复杂的免疫系统，而社会寄生虫选择行为宿主防御。在这里，我们调查了社会寄生的奴隶制antProtomognathus americanus施加的寄生虫压力与来自17个种群的Temnothoraxants的群体水平侵略之间的联系。我们研究了几乎整个地理范围内的两个宿主物种，包括未寄生的人口。由于以前的研究表明，宿主殖民地高度积极响应同种票价更好的slavemaker攻击，我们预测更高的侵略水平，严重寄生的人口。事实上，我们证明了增加侵略同种寄生虫的压力，模式是一致的两个主机物种。与其他研究相反，对寄生虫本身的侵略并不随着寄生虫的压力而改变。这可能是因为在无寄生虫的人群中没有寄生虫特异性攻击的成本。首选宿主物种长刺锥虫通常更具攻击性;然而，两个物种的寄生虫压力和攻击性之间存在关联，表明趋同的共适应。两个潜在的混杂因素，殖民地密度和共同出现的竞争Temnothorax物种在社区中，不能解释殖民地的侵略水平在种内和种间的相互作用。相反，我们的研究指出，社会寄生虫的压力作为决定因素，塑造内，而不是之间，宿主物种的拮抗作用。
Variation in community composition over a species' geographic range leads to divergent selection pressures, resulting in interpopulation variation in trait expression. One of the most pervasive selective forces stems from antagonists such as parasites. Whereas hosts of microparasites developed sophisticated immune systems, social parasites select for behavioural host defences. Here, we investigated the link between parasite pressure exerted by the socially parasitic slavemaking antProtomognathus americanusand colony‐level aggression inTemnothoraxants from 17 populations. We studied almost the entire geographic range of two host species, including unparasitized populations. As previous studies have demonstrated that host colonies responding highly aggressively towards conspecifics fare better during slavemaker attacks, we predicted higher aggression levels in severely parasitized populations. Indeed, we demonstrate an increase in aggression towards conspecifics with parasite pressure, a pattern that was consistent over the two host species. In contrast to other studies, aggression against the parasite itself did not shift with parasite pressure. This may be explained by an absence of costs of parasite‐specific aggression in parasite‐free populations. The preferred host speciesT. longispinosuswas generally more aggressive; however, the association between parasite pressure and aggression was found for both species, suggesting convergent co‐adaptation. Two potentially confounding factors, colony density and the co‐occurrence of a competingTemnothoraxspecies in the community, could not explain the level of colony aggression in intra‐ and interspecific interactions. Instead, our study points to social parasite pressure as the determining factor shaping antagonistic interactions within, but not between, host species.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
通讯作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arq191
发表时间：
2011-03
期刊：
Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Pamminger T;Scharf I;Pennings PS;Foitzik S
通讯作者：
Foitzik S
蚁群对入侵者的差异反应：攻击策略与潜在威胁相关
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
I. Scharf;T. Pamminger;S. Foitzik
通讯作者：
S. Foitzik
从天而降的掠夺者：奴隶制的开国女王选择侵略性的宿主殖民地
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Pamminger;A.P. Modlmeier;S. Suette ;S. Foitzik
通讯作者：
S. Foitzik
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2011.0581
发表时间：
2012-02-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Furst, Matthias A.;Durey, Maelle;Nash, David R.
通讯作者：
Nash, David R.