Enhancement of Cellulose Degradation by Cattle Saliva.
Enhancement of Cellulose Degradation by Cattle Saliva.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0138902
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sakaguchi K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seki Y;Kikuchi Y;Kimura Y;Yoshimoto R;Takahashi M;Aburai K;Kanai Y;Ruike T;Iwabata K;Sugawara F;Sakai H;Abe M;Sakaguchi K
纤维素糖化是生产替代能源的一种有前景的技术。然而，使用任何当前可用的方法将纤维素转化为可溶性糖的效率对于工业应用而言太低。许多添加剂，例如表面活性剂，已被证明可以提高纤维素到糖的转化效率。在本研究中，我们首先研究了牛唾液作为添加剂是否会增强纤维素酶催化的纤维素水解，并随后阐明了牛唾液增强这种转化的机制。尽管牛唾液本身不会降解纤维素，但它增强了纤维素酶催化的纤维素降解。因此，通过添加牛唾液，产生的还原糖量增加了约2.9倍。我们还发现牛唾液中存在的非酶蛋白是造成增强效果的原因。第三，牛唾液介导的纤维素酶活性增强的机制可能与经典表面活性剂的机制相似。牛唾液可以轻松、廉价地大量获得，并且无需进一步纯化即可使用。因此，牛唾液可能是工业规模上高效纤维素糖化的有前途的添加剂。
Saccharification of cellulose is a promising technique for producing alternative source of energy. However, the efficiency of conversion of cellulose into soluble sugar using any currently available methodology is too low for industrial application. Many additives, such as surfactants, have been shown to enhance the efficiency of cellulose-to-sugar conversion. In this study, we have examined first whether cattle saliva, as an additive, would enhance the cellulase-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose, and subsequently elucidated the mechanism by which cattle saliva enhanced this conversion. Although cattle saliva, by itself, did not degrade cellulose, it enhanced the cellulase-catalyzed degradation of cellulose. Thus, the amount of reducing sugar produced increased approximately 2.9-fold by the addition of cattle saliva. We also found that non-enzymatic proteins, which were present in cattle saliva, were responsible for causing the enhancement effect. Third, the mechanism of cattle saliva mediated enhancement of cellulase activity was probably similar to that of the canonical surfactants. Cattle saliva is available in large amounts easily and cheaply, and it can be used without further purification. Thus, cattle saliva could be a promising additive for efficient saccharification of cellulose on an industrial scale.