The salt industry on the Danish Kattegat island of Læsø (1150–1652): Hypersaline source, climatic dependence, and environmental impact
The salt industry on the Danish Kattegat island of Læsø (1150–1652): Hypersaline source, climatic dependence, and environmental impact
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丹麦卡特加特莱斯岛上的盐业（1150–1652）：高盐源、气候依赖性和环境影响
DOI：
10.1080/00167223.2010.10669493
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
J. M. Hansen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. M. Hansen
Abstract Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 110（1）：1-24，2010在勒斯登岛上发现了大约1,700座中世纪制盐小屋的遗址。它一直不确定生产的原材料是什么，生产有多重要，何时和为什么该行业扩大和下降，以及该行业的自然原因和环境影响是什么。结果表明，当今的高盐度地下水积累的设置与中世纪盐生产的古设置相当，从1150-1200年左右开始生产到1585年左右达到顶峰，在400多年的时间里，多达135个生产小屋同时活跃，仅在几十年后就完全停止了。活跃的生产小屋数量的增长和下降似乎明显与气候引起的控制可访问的沿海地区的长度，高盐地下水可以形成。在17世纪的小冰河时代的加强，生产延伸的长度下降到不到1585年左右长度的15%。因此，该行业在1585年后的快速衰落和1652年的完全停止不仅是由于迄今为止认为的燃料短缺，更重要的是由于气候变冷和缺乏高盐水。
Abstract Geografisk Tidsskrift—Danish Journal of Geography 110(1):1–24, 2010 Around 1,700 ruins of Medieval salt production huts have been identified on the island of Lœsø. It has been uncertain what the production's raw material was, how important the production was, when and why the industry expanded and declined, and what the industry's natural causes and environmental effects were. It is shown that present-day settings of hypersaline groundwater accumulations are comparable to the palaeo-settings of the Medieval salt production and that up to 135 production huts were simultaneously active during more than 400 years from the production began around 1150–1200 until the industry culminated around 1585 and completely ceased only a few decades later. The growth and decline in number of active production huts seems clearly related to climatically induced control of the length of accessible coastal stretches where hypersaline groundwater could be formed. During the 17th century's reinforcement of the Little Ice Age the length of productive stretches fell to less than 15% of the length they had around 1585. Thus, the industry's fast decline after 1585 and the complete cessation in 1652 was not only caused by shortage of fuel as hitherto believed, but more importantly caused by climatic cooling and lack of hypersaline water.