Emissions of mercury and other trace elements from coal-fired power plants in Japan.
Emissions of mercury and other trace elements from coal-fired power plants in Japan.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.09.044
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发表时间：
2006-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Ito;Takahisa Yokoyama;Kazuo Asakura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Ito;Takahisa Yokoyama;Kazuo Asakura
为评价现代燃煤电厂向大气环境中的痕量元素排放量，对日本电站锅炉用煤中的微量元素、燃煤电厂的烟囱浓度、排放率和排放比以及燃煤电厂中微量元素的比例进行了研究。这些元素是《污染物释放与转移登记册法》中指定的As、B、Be、Cd、Co、Cr、F、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sb、Se和V。用静电除尘器和湿法脱硫洗涤器收集颗粒物中的痕量元素。向大气中的排放量低于煤中排放量的1%，但挥发性微量元素的排放量略高。对于汞，煤中汞的平均浓度为0.045 ppm，平均排放速率为4.4μg/kW h，平均排放比为27%，是本研究中所有元素中最高的。估算了日本电力工业燃煤电厂汞的年排放总量为0.63t/年，并在此基础上对某燃煤电厂的大气环境负荷进行了调查。烟道气扩散计算表明，烟道气的最大年平均地面浓度约为本底浓度的10−2~10−5，燃煤电厂排放的有害气体影响较小。
To evaluate trace element emissions from modern coal-fired power plants into the atmospheric environment in Japan, trace elements in the coal used in electric utility boilers, stack concentrations, emission rates and emission ratios of coal-fired power plants, and proportions of trace elements in coal-fired power plants were studied. The elements were As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, F, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se and V, which are designated in the Law of Pollutant Release and Transfer Register. The particulate trace elements were collected in an electrostatic precipitator and a wet desulfurization scrubber. Emissions into the atmosphere were lower than 1% of the quantity in coal, but the volatile trace elements showed somewhat higher emission ratios. For mercury, the mean concentration in coal was 0.045 ppm, the mean emission rate was 4.4 μg/kW h, and the mean emission ratio was 27%, the highest ratio among all elements in this study. The total annual emission of mercury from coal-fired power plants of the electric power industry in Japan was estimated to be 0.63 t/y. On the basis of these data, the atmospheric environment loads from a coal-fired power station were investigated. The calculation of stack gas dispersion showed that maximum annual mean ground level concentrations were in the order of 10−2to 10−5of the background concentrations, and that the adverse effect of the emissions from the coal-fired power station was small.