Early detection and avoidance of threatening faces during passive viewing
Early detection and avoidance of threatening faces during passive viewing
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DOI：
10.1080/17470210902725753
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Detweiler-Bedell, Brian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Becker, Mark W.;Detweiler-Bedell, Brian
为了评估是否存在对负面刺激的早期注意力偏差，我们跟踪了参与者的眼睛，而他们被动地观看由四个Ekman面孔组成的显示器。在实验1中，每个显示包括三个中性的面孔和一个面孔描绘恐惧或幸福。在一半的试验中，所有的脸都是倒置的。虽然被动观察任务应该对注意力偏差非常敏感，但我们没有发现明显的注意力偏向于恐惧的面孔。相反，人们倾向于主动避免看恐惧的脸。这种回避在观看场景的早期就很明显，这表明与面部相关的威胁被迅速评估。实验2复制了这种效果，并将其扩展到愤怒的面孔。总而言之，我们的数据表明，负面的面部表情会被迅速分析并影响视觉扫描，但是，这样的面部表情不会引起注意，而是会被主动避开。
To evaluate whether there is an early attentional bias towards negative stimuli, we tracked participants' eyes while they passively viewed displays composed of four Ekman faces. In Experiment 1 each display consisted of three neutral faces and one face depicting fear or happiness. In half of the trials, all faces were inverted. Although the passive viewing task should have been very sensitive to attentional biases, we found no evidence that overt attention was biased towards fearful faces. Instead, people tended to actively avoid looking at the fearful face. This avoidance was evident very early in scene viewing, suggesting that the threat associated with the faces was evaluated rapidly. Experiment 2 replicated this effect and extended it to angry faces. In sum, our data suggest that negative facial expressions are rapidly analysed and influence visual scanning, but, rather than attract attention, such faces are actively avoided.