Preliminary assessment of the navigation and positioning performance of BeiDou regional navigation satellite system
Preliminary assessment of the navigation and positioning performance of BeiDou regional navigation satellite system
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北斗区域导航卫星系统导航定位性能初步评估
DOI：
10.1007/s11430-013-4769-0
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Dai Xian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yang YuanXi;Li JinLong;Dai Xian
北斗区域导航卫星系统（BDS）又称北斗二号，自2012年12月27日起全面运行。它由14颗卫星组成，其中地球静止轨道（GEO）卫星5颗，倾斜地球同步轨道（IGSO）卫星5颗，中地球轨道（MEO）卫星4颗。本文利用北京实测数据对其基本导航定位性能进行了初步评估，包括卫星能见度、位置精度因子（PDOP）值、码和载波相位测量精度、单点定位和差分定位精度以及模糊度分辨率（AR）性能，并与GPS进行了比较。结果表明，北斗编码精度约为33 cm，载波相位测量精度约为2 mm，与GPS精度相当，北斗单点定位精度满足设计要求。在开放条件下，单独使用北斗系统进行实时运动定位也是可行的，单历元双频AR的固定速率和可靠性与GPS相当。北斗载波相位差分定位精度在4.2m极短基线上优于1cm，在8.2km短基线上优于3cm，与GPS处于同一水平。北斗与GPS相结合，单历元AR的定位率和可靠性以及定位精度都有显着提高。在本研究的两次短基线测试中，BDS/GPS载波相位差分定位的精度比GPS分别提高了35%和20%左右。北斗代码差分定位精度优于2.5m。但它比GPS差，这可能是由于北斗GEO卫星测量的码多径误差较大造成的。
BeiDou regional navigation satellite system (BDS) also called BeiDou-2 has been in full operation since December 27, 2012. It consists of 14 satellites, including 5 satellites in Geostationary Orbit (GEO), 5 satellites in Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO), and 4 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO). In this paper, its basic navigation and positioning performance are evaluated preliminarily by the real data collected in Beijing, including satellite visibility, Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) value, the precision of code and carrier phase measurements, the accuracy of single point positioning and differential positioning and ambiguity resolution (AR) performance, which are also compared with those of GPS. It is shown that the precision of BDS code and carrier phase measurements are about 33 cm and 2 mm, respectively, which are comparable to those of GPS, and the accuracy of BDS single point positioning has satisfied the design requirement. The real-time kinematic positioning is also feasible by BDS alone in the opening condition, since its fixed rate and reliability of single-epoch dual-frequency AR is comparable to those of GPS. The accuracy of BDS carrier phase differential positioning is better than 1 cm for a very short baseline of 4.2 m and 3 cm for a short baseline of 8.2 km, which is on the same level with that of GPS. For the combined BDS and GPS, the fixed rate and reliability of single-epoch AR and the positioning accuracy are improved significantly. The accuracy of BDS/GPS carrier phase differential positioning is about 35 and 20 % better than that of GPS for two short baseline tests in this study. The accuracy of BDS code differential positioning is better than 2.5 m. However it is worse than that of GPS, which may result from large code multipath errors of BDS GEO satellite measurements.