Effects of saturated hydraulic conductivity on volunteer potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber survival.
Effects of saturated hydraulic conductivity on volunteer potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber survival.
复制标题
饱和水力传导率对自生马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）块茎存活的影响。
DOI：
10.1080/00380768.2014.982491
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
臼木一英
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
岩田幸良;廣田知良;矢崎友嗣;鈴木剛;岩崎暁生;井上聡;臼木一英
为了评估土壤物理条件对马铃薯（Solanum tuberosumL.）块茎成活的影响，在日本最北端岛屿德胜（Tokachi）地区的8块田地进行了实地观察。统计分析显示，除冬季-3℃以下低温杀死马铃薯块茎的一块田地和0.5 m以下土壤渗透性高但排水差的另一块田地的数据外，0.5 m深度下的马铃薯块茎存活率与饱和导电性的最低值呈正相关。培养试验表明，马铃薯块茎在0°C和6°C的饱和土壤中存活，这两个温度分别与融雪期和融雪后1周的土壤温度相匹配。这一结果表明，春季融雪期大量融雪水导致马铃薯块茎长时间暴露在潮湿的表层土壤中，马铃薯块茎可以存活。培养试验结果也表明，马铃薯块茎在15℃饱和土壤中可被杀死。这个温度几乎等于志愿者马铃薯块茎在田间发芽期间的平均气温。因此，这一结果表明，在随后的温暖时期，在排水不良的田地里，大量降雨后马铃薯块茎将被杀死。
In situ observations were conducted at eight fields in the Tokachi region of the northernmost island of Japan to assess the effects of soil physical conditions on the survival of volunteer potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) tubers. Statistical analyses revealed a positive correlation between the survival rate and the lowest value of saturated hydraulic conductivity to a depth of 0.5 m, except for data from one field where potato tubers were killed by low temperatures below –3°C during winter and from another field with poor drainage despite high soil permeability to 0.5 m in depth. Incubation experiments indicated that potato tubers survived in saturated soil at 0 and 6°C, which respectively matched soil temperatures during the snowmelt period and 1 week thereafter. This result suggests that potato tubers can survive prolonged exposure to moist surface soil caused by large amounts of snowmelt water during the spring snowmelt period. The incubation experiment results also indicated that potato tubers were killed in saturated soil at 15°C. This temperature was almost equal to the average air temperature during the period when volunteer potato tubers were sprouting in the field. Therefore, this result implies that the potato tubers will be killed after a substantial amount of rainfall during the subsequent warm period at poorly drained fields.