A dynamic life cycle carbon emission assessment on green and non-green buildings in China
A dynamic life cycle carbon emission assessment on green and non-green buildings in China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.05.041
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Xiaoying Wu;B. Peng;B. Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiaoying Wu;B. Peng;B. Lin
绿色建筑作为应对气候变化的最有力的解决方案，近年来在我国得到了广泛的推广和应用。通过比较绿色建筑与非绿色建筑的碳排放量，尝试了一种生命周期碳排放评估方法（LCA）。本文结合清华大学开发的“建筑环境负荷评价系统”（BELES）和26幢真实的既有建筑（9幢住宅，17幢商业建筑）的数据库，进行了环境负荷评价系统的研究。选择了位于两个主要气候带的建筑物，即II区和III区。建筑物的整个生命周期分为五个阶段：第一阶段原材料，第二阶段运输，第三阶段施工，第四阶段运营和维护，第五阶段拆除。结果表明，绿色建筑的全生命周期CO2（LCCO 2）低于非绿色建筑，即：住宅10%，商业楼宇32%。对于住宅和商业建筑，运营和维护阶段占整个生命周期的大部分排放量，约为69.2- 89.3%。此外，绿色建筑的隐含CO2排放量略高于非绿色建筑，但运行排放量要低得多，这一现象在住宅建筑中尤为明显。这表明绿色建筑的LCCO 2在运行一定年限后开始与非绿色建筑的LCCO 2相匹配，这是一个转折点。此外，中国于2016年12月实施了《建筑能耗标准》，其中列出了运行阶段的两个能效值，分别代表要求和可选。可以预期，未来绿色建筑在运营及维护阶段的排放将进一步减少。因此，在未来，住宅建筑的转折点的动态流量将从本文发现的现有14年向下移动。
As most promoted solution of climate change, green buildings become more popular and widely promoted in China recently. This paper compared the carbon emissions of green buildings with non-green buildings; therefore, a life cycle carbon emission assessment approach (LCA) was attempted. In the present paper, we have integrated existing database Building Environmental Load Evaluation System (BELES) developed by Tsinghua University and twenty-six real existing buildings (nine residential and seventeen commercial buildings). Buildings located in two major climate zones were selected, namely, zone II and III. Five phases were defined for a whole life cycle of building: Phase 1 Raw Materials, Phase 2 Transportation, Phase 3 Construction, Phase 4 Operation & Maintenance and Phase 5 Demolishment. In each phase, the emissions were calculated separately.It is found that whole life cycle CO2(LCCO2) of green buildings are lower than that of non-green buildings, i.e., 10% for residential and 32% for commercial buildings, respectively. For both residential and commercial buildings, Operational & Maintenance phase contributes the majority of emissions in the whole life cycle, about 69.2–89.3%. Moreover, green buildings have slightly higher embodied CO2emissions than non-green buildings, but with much lower operational emissions, and this phenomenon is significant in residential buildings. This indicates that the LCCO2of green buildings start to match with LCCO2of non-green buildings after operating for certain years, which is the turning point. Furthermore, China implemented Standard for Energy Consumption of Buildings in December 2016, which listed two values for energy efficiency in operational phase, which represents requested and optional. It can be expected that the emissions in Operational & Maintenance phase of green buildings will be further reduced in the future. Consequently, in the future, the dynamic flow of turning point of residential buildings will be shifted downwards from existing 14 years found in this paper.