Mutation in TERMINAL FLOWER1 Reverses the Photoperiodic Requirement for Flowering in the Wild Strawberry Fragaria vesca
Mutation in TERMINAL FLOWER1 Reverses the Photoperiodic Requirement for Flowering in the Wild Strawberry Fragaria vesca
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.112.196659
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Hytonen, Timo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Koskela, Elli A.;Mouhu, Katriina;Hytonen, Timo
光周期开花在一年生短日和长日植物水稻和拟南芥中已被广泛研究，而对多年生植物开花的控制知之甚少。在多年生野生草莓，野草莓（蔷薇科），短日和永久开花长日种质发生。遗传分析表明，它们开花反应的差异是由一个基因引起的，季节性开花基因座，该基因可能编码F。vesca同源物的MATERIAL FLOWER1（FvTFL1）。我们通过高分辨率作图和转基因方法表明，FvTFL1是开花行为变化的基础，并证明FvTFL1作为光周期调节的阻遏物。在短日照条件下，F. vesca，长光周期激活FvTFL1 mRNA表达，短日照抑制其表达，促进成花诱导。FvTFL1 mRNA水平的这些季节性循环赋予了营养和生殖发育的季节性循环。FvTFL1的突变阻止了长日照抑制开花，而在长日照下发生的早花则依赖于F。Vesca同源物的FLOWESTLOCUS T.这种光周期反应机制不同于模式一年生植物中描述的那些。我们认为，这种机制控制开花的多年生生长周期内的F。vesca，并证明了一个单一基因的变化逆转了开花的光周期要求。
Photoperiodic flowering has been extensively studied in the annual short-day and long-day plants rice (Oryza sativa) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), whereas less is known about the control of flowering in perennials. In the perennial wild strawberry, Fragaria vesca (Rosaceae), short-day and perpetual flowering long-day accessions occur. Genetic analyses showed that differences in their flowering responses are caused by a single gene, SEASONAL FLOWERING LOCUS, which may encode the F. vesca homolog of TERMINAL FLOWER1 (FvTFL1). We show through high-resolution mapping and transgenic approaches that FvTFL1 is the basis of this change in flowering behavior and demonstrate that FvTFL1 acts as a photoperiodically regulated repressor. In short-day F. vesca, long photoperiods activate FvTFL1 mRNA expression and short days suppress it, promoting flower induction. These seasonal cycles in FvTFL1 mRNA level confer seasonal cycling of vegetative and reproductive development. Mutations in FvTFL1 prevent long-day suppression of flowering, and the early flowering that then occurs under long days is dependent on the F. vesca homolog of FLOWERING LOCUS T. This photoperiodic response mechanism differs from those described in model annual plants. We suggest that this mechanism controls flowering within the perennial growth cycle in F. vesca and demonstrate that a change in a single gene reverses the photoperiodic requirements for flowering.