A need for better housing to further reduce indoor malaria transmission in areas with high bed net coverage
A need for better housing to further reduce indoor malaria transmission in areas with high bed net coverage
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DOI：
10.1186/1756-3305-6-57
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发表时间：
2013-03-07
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Majambere, Silas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lwetoijera, Dickson W.;Kiware, Samson S.;Majambere, Silas
背景：抑制室内疟疾传播需要额外的干预措施，以补充杀虫剂处理的蚊帐（ITN）和室内滞留喷洒（IRS）的使用。先前的研究已经研究了低传播地区房屋结构对疟疾传播的影响。这项研究是在高传播环境下进行的，并提供了有关特定房屋特征与嗜内性疟疾载体丰度之间关系的进一步证据。方法：从 2008 年至 2011 年，坦桑尼亚南部农村地区，每月使用 CDC 光诱器从两个村庄随机选择的 72 个房屋中对蚊子进行采样。使用泊松分布的广义线性模型来分析房屋特征（屋檐间隙、墙壁类型、屋顶类型、窗户、房间和门的数量、窗纱、房屋尺寸）、居住者数量和驱虫蚊帐的使用与疟疾媒介（冈比亚按蚊和按按蚊）平均捕获量的关联。 结果：共有 36490 只雌性按蚊。冈比亚有限公司在 Namwawala 村收集了 21266 个，在 Idete 村收集了 21266 个。至于安.纳姆瓦瓦拉 (Namwawala) 收集了 2268 只雌性 funestus，伊代特 (Idete) 收集了 3398 只。单独而言，每个房屋因素对 An 的平均捕获量具有统计上显着的影响 (p < 0.05)。冈比亚有限公司但安不是。富内斯图斯。多变量分析表明，屋檐的存在与否、经过处理或未经处理的蚊帐、房屋居住者的数量、房屋大小、窗户上的蚊帐和屋顶类型与 An 显着相关 (p < 0.05)。冈比亚有限公司和安。结论：尽管驱虫蚊帐的高覆盖率导致病媒密度和疟疾传播显着降低，但由于房屋设计有利于蚊子进入，室内仍然发现了大量寻找宿主的疟疾病媒。除了驱虫蚊帐和国税局之外，还应大力改进房屋设计，以防止蚊子进入并消除室内疟疾传播。
Background: The suppression of indoor malaria transmission requires additional interventions that complement the use of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). Previous studies have examined the impact of house structure on malaria transmission in areas of low transmission. This study was conducted in a high transmission setting and presents further evidence about the association between specific house characteristics and the abundance of endophilic malaria vectors.Methods: Mosquitoes were sampled using CDC light traps from 72 randomly selected houses in two villages on a monthly basis from 2008 to 2011 in rural Southern Tanzania. Generalized linear models using Poisson distributions were used to analyze the association of house characteristics (eave gaps, wall types, roof types, number of windows, rooms and doors, window screens, house size), number of occupants and ITN usage with mean catches of malaria vectors (An. gambiae s.l. and An. funestus).Results: A total of 36490 female An. gambiae s.l. were collected in Namwawala village and 21266 in Idete village. As for An. funestus females, 2268 were collected in Namwawala and 3398 in Idete. Individually, each house factor had a statistically significant impact (p < 0.05) on the mean catches for An. gambiae s.l. but not An. funestus. A multivariate analysis indicated that the combined absence or presence of eaves, treated or untreated bed-nets, the number of house occupants, house size, netting over windows, and roof type were significantly related (p < 0.05) to An. gambiae s.l. and An. funestus house entry in both villages.Conclusions: Despite significant reductions in vector density and malaria transmission caused by high coverage of ITNs, high numbers of host-seeking malaria vectors are still found indoors due to house designs that favour mosquito entry. In addition to ITNs and IRS, significant efforts should focus on improving house design to prevent mosquito entry and eliminate indoor malaria transmission.