Landscape of TB Infection and Prevention among People Living with HIV.

Landscape of TB Infection and Prevention among People Living with HIV.
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DOI:
10.3390/pathogens11121552
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发表时间:
2022-12-16
期刊:
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kay A
Kay A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vasiliu A;Abelman R;Kherabi Y;Iswari Saktiawati AM;Kay A

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结核病(TB)是艾滋病毒感染者(PLHIV)死亡的主要原因之一,占该人群死亡人数的三分之一。世界卫生组织的指导方针旨在及早发现和治疗艾滋病毒感染者中的结核病,特别是在高流行率和低资源环境中。预防在艾滋病毒感染者防治结核病的斗争中发挥着关键作用。本综述探讨了结核病筛查工具,可用于艾滋病毒感染者,包括结核病为基础的筛选,胸部X线摄影,结核菌素皮肤试验,干扰素γ释放测定,血清生物标志物。然后,我们回顾了结核病预防治疗(TPT),该治疗已被证明可以减少艾滋病毒感染者向活动性结核病的进展和死亡率,以及可用的TPT方案。最后,我们强调了政策实践差距和实施障碍,以及正在进行的研究需求,以通过预防活动,创新的诊断测试和成本效益研究来降低结核病和艾滋病毒合并感染的负担。
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of mortality in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and contributes to up to a third of deaths in this population. The World Health Organization guidelines aim to target early detection and treatment of TB among PLHIV, particularly in high-prevalence and low-resource settings. Prevention plays a key role in the fight against TB among PLHIV. This review explores TB screening tools available for PLHIV, including symptom-based screening, chest radiography, tuberculin skin tests, interferon gamma release assays, and serum biomarkers. We then review TB Preventive Treatment (TPT), shown to reduce the progression to active TB and mortality among PLHIV, and available TPT regimens. Last, we highlight policy-practice gaps and barriers to implementation as well as ongoing research needs to lower the burden of TB and HIV coinfection through preventive activities, innovative diagnostic tests, and cost-effectiveness studies.
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