Attentional blink in preverbal infants
Attentional blink in preverbal infants
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104749
复制
发表时间：
2021-04-30
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kawahara，Jun-ichiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsurumi，Shuma;Kanazawa，So;Kawahara，Jun-ichiro
初级认知过程，例如空间注意力，对于我们更高的认知能力至关重要，并在生命的第一年显着发展。婴儿工作记忆的空间方面与成人相当。然而，尚不清楚时域是否如此。因此，我们通过关注注意力瞬脱效应，使用对注意力要求较高的任务来研究婴儿工作记忆的时间方面，其中当目标间滞后很短时，对两个短暂目标中的第二个的识别会受到损害。我们认为，在前语言婴儿和成人中发现类似的注意力眨眼模式表明婴儿可以在与成人相似的时间尺度上完成将第一个目标巩固到工作记忆中。在本实验中，我们以 100 毫秒/项目的速率向 7 至 8 个月大的婴儿提供快速连续视觉流，其中包括两张女性面孔作为目标，并通过测量与目标相比他们对新面孔的偏好来检查他们是否能够识别目标。两个目标之间的时间间隔为 200 或 800 毫秒。我们发现，在较长的滞后条件下，婴儿可以识别出两个目标，但在较短的滞后条件下，他们无法识别第二个目标。成人实验使用与婴儿实验相同的时间间隔，揭示了注意力瞬脱效应。这些结果表明，7 至 8 个月大的婴儿可以在 800 毫秒内将两个项目整合到工作记忆中，但不能在 200 毫秒内完成。
Primary cognitive processes, such as spatial attention, are essential to our higher cognitive abilities and develop dramatically in the first year of life. The spatial aspect of infants' working memory is equivalent to that of adults. However, it is unclear whether this is true for the temporal domain. Thus, we investigated the temporal aspect of infants' working memory using an attentionally demanding task by focusing on the attentional blink effect, in which the identification of the second of the two brief targets is impaired when inter-target lags are short. We argue that finding a similar pattern of the attentional blink in preverbal infants and adults indicates that infants can complete the consolidation of the first target into working memory at a similar temporal scale as adults. In this experiment, we presented 7- to 8-month-old infants with rapid serial visual streams at a rate of 100 ms/item, including two female faces as targets, and examined whether they could identify the targets by measuring their preference to novel faces compared to targets. The temporal separation between the two targets was 200 or 800 ms. We found that the infants could identify both targets under the longer lag, but they failed to identify the second target under the shorter lag. The adult experiment using the same temporal separation as in the infant experiment revealed the attentional blink effect. These results suggest that 7- to 8-month-old infants can consolidate two items into working memory by 800 ms but not by 200 ms.