Cytochrome P450 - Structure, Mechanism, and Biochemistry
Cytochrome P450 - Structure, Mechanism, and Biochemistry
复制标题
细胞色素 P450 - 结构、机制和生物化学
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-12108-6_6
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McLean K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McLean K
微生物P450进行一系列氧化和其他化学反应，这些反应对细菌、古细菌和真菌宿主的生存能力至关重要，并且具有许多重要的应用。细菌和古细菌P450的可溶性促进了它们的高产量表达和纯化，并且使得能够确定P450超家族的几个重要成员的晶体结构。我们对P450催化机制的认识中的许多重大突破都是通过对微生物P450的光谱和瞬态动力学研究取得的，包括最近的研究，该研究明确鉴定了高反应性P450铁氧物种化合物I，并证明了其催化效力。本章介绍了我们目前对微生物P450的结构和功能特性的了解，包括它们参与生产工业上重要分子（如抗生素）的途径。方面，如工程的这些P450的新的反应化学也详细介绍，沿着新兴的数据为新的P450酶融合到氧化还原和nonredox伙伴蛋白，和新的系统，绕过氧化还原伙伴蛋白的要求。微生物P450提供了丰富的催化剂来源，这些催化剂继续提供关于P450的多功能性以及在生物医学、生物燃料和生物修复领域应用的新活性的新信息。本章重点介绍了最近的突破和发展，这将确保微生物P450在未来几年仍然是生物技术应用的中心舞台。
The microbial P450s perform an array of oxidative and other chemical reactions that are both crucial for the viability of the bacterial, archaeal, and fungal hosts, and which have numerous important applications. The soluble nature of the bacterial and archaeal P450s has facilitated their expression and purification in high yields, and has enabled the determination of the crystal structures of several important members of the P450 superfamily. Many of the major breakthroughs in our knowledge of the catalytic mechanisms of the P450s have been made through spectroscopic and transient kinetic studies on the microbial P450s, including recent research that has definitively identified the highly reactive P450 iron–oxo species compound I and has demonstrated its catalytic potency. This chapter describes our current knowledge on the structural and functional properties of the microbial P450s, including their involvement in pathways for production of industrially important molecules such as antibiotics. Aspects such as engineering of these P450s for novel reaction chemistry are also detailed, along with emerging data for novel P450 enzymes fused to both redox and nonredox partner proteins, and novel systems that bypass the requirement for redox partner proteins altogether. The microbial P450s provide a rich source of catalysts that continue to provide new information on the versatility of the P450s as well as novel activities with applications in the biomedical, biofuels, and bioremediation fields. This chapter highlights recent breakthroughs and developments that will ensure that microbial P450s remain center stage for biotechnology applications in the coming years.