Prevalence of haemoparasites, leptospires and coccobacilli with potential for human infection in the blood of rodents and shrews from selected localities in Tanzania, Namibia and Swaziland
Prevalence of haemoparasites, leptospires and coccobacilli with potential for human infection in the blood of rodents and shrews from selected localities in Tanzania, Namibia and Swaziland
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DOI：
10.3377/004.047.0112
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Belmain, Steven R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Katakweba, Abdul A. S.;Mulungu, Loth S.;Belmain, Steven R.
对坦桑尼亚、纳米比亚和斯威士兰的啮齿动物和地鼠的血寄生虫、钩端螺旋体病和鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的流行情况进行了调查。来自这三个国家的啮齿动物和树鼠的血液涂片显示，存在路易斯锥虫(72.7%；n=950)，即芽孢杆菌。(25.6%；n=950)，疏螺旋体。双极球菌(0.01%；n=950)。纳米比亚(n=26)的血液涂片中没有血寄生虫，而斯威士兰(n=75)的血液涂片中只有1.33%(n=75)的人在坦桑尼亚的啮齿动物血清中发现了问号T型钩端螺旋体，其血清群比例(n=350)为：黄染出血(0.29%)、波莫纳(2.86%)、Hardjo(1.14%)、Bullum(0.86%)、Grigpotyphosa(1.43%)和Canicola(1.14%)。用酶联免疫吸附试验(EL ISA)对坦桑尼亚中部地区的鼠疫F1抗原抗体进行血清学诊断，均为阴性，而在纳米比亚Kavango地区采集的两种啮齿动物--短小横纹夜蛾和白沙鼠血清均为阳性。这些结果表明纳米比亚这一地区存在地方性鼠疫活动。结论是，在这三个国家，人畜共患病原体在啮齿动物和地鼠中普遍存在，当地社区应采取灭鼠措施，以降低人类感染的风险。
The prevalence of haemoparasites, leptospirosis and Yersinia pestis was investigated in rodents and shrews from Tanzania, Namibia and Swaziland. Blood smears originating from rodents and shrews from the three countries indicated the presence of Trypanosoma lewisi (72.7%; n =950), Bacillus spp. (25.6%; n =950), Borrelia sp. (0.01%; n =950) and bipolar coccobacilli (0.01%; n =950). The blood smears from Namibia (n =26) had no haemoparasites while only 1.33% (n =75) of those from Swaziland showed presence of T Leptospira interrogans was found in rodent blood sera from Tanzania in the following serogroup proportions (n =350): Icterohaemorrhagiae (0.29%), Pomona (2.86%), Hardjo (1.14%), Bullum (0.86%), Grippotyphosa (1.43%) and Canicola (1.14%). Serodiagnosis of antibodies against the F1 antigen of Y pestis using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was negative for all the serum samples from central Tanzania, while two samples of serum from two species of rodents, Rhabdomys pumilio and Gerbilliscus leucogaster, collected in the Kavango Region of Namibia were positive. These results suggest an enzootic plague activity in this region in Namibia. It is concluded that zoonotic agents, that are infectious to humans, are prevalent in rodents and shrews in the three countries, and that local communities should apply rodent control measures to reduce the risk of human infections.