Cytogenetics and morphology of the pentaploid hybrid between Brassica napus and Orychophragmus violaceus and its progeny
Cytogenetics and morphology of the pentaploid hybrid between Brassica napus and Orychophragmus violaceus and its progeny
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0523.1997.tb00991.x
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发表时间：
1997-07
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Jiangsheng Wu;Zhaohong Li;L. Yi;Han Liu;T. Fu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiangsheng Wu;Zhaohong Li;L. Yi;Han Liu;T. Fu
甘蓝型油菜(AACC)与诸葛菜(OO)的五倍体杂种植株(2n=50，AACCO)具有母本形态和一些斜生性状。克隆的后代为混倍体，由38-53条染色体的各种细胞组成，其中一半的细胞有50条染色体。这50条染色体主要以25对二价体的形式配对，并以25：25或22：28的比例分离，在一些细胞中还观察到许多其他的分离。自交产生的后代有38-47条染色体。有38条染色体的植株在细胞学上是稳定的；在所有其他植物中，单个细胞的染色体数目在特定基因型的最大数目到38条之间变化，表明有丝分裂过程中染色体的丢失。44条染色体的混倍体植株主要产生两类混倍体后代，分别为44条和41条染色体。所有2n=38的植株形态与亲本甘蓝型油菜相同，育性正常。五倍体及其后代的这些染色体配对和分离支持了诸葛菜是一个自然的多倍体物种的假设，基本染色体数为3。
A pentaploid hybrid plant (2n = 50, AACCO) between Brassica napus (AACC) and Orychophragmus violaceus (OO) showed matroclinous morphology and some patroclinous characters. Cloned progenies were mixoploid, consisting of various cells with 38-53 chromosomes, half of the cells with 50 chromosomes. The 50 chromosomes were mainly paired as 25 bivalents and segregated as 25:25 or 22:28; many other segregations were observed in some cells. Progenies produced by selfing had 38-47 chromosomes. Plants with 38 chromosomes were cytologically stable; in all other plants the chromosome number of individual cells varied between the genotype-specific maximum number and 38, indicating loss of chromosomes during mitosis. The mixoploid plants with 44 chromosomes mainly produced two kinds of mixoploid progenies with 44 and 41 chromosomes, respectively. All plants with 2n = 38 had the same morphology as the parental B. napus and were normal in fertility. These chromosome pairings and segregations in the pentaploid and its progeny support the hypothesis that O. violaceus is a natural polyploid species with a basic chromosome number of 3.