SCENT MARKING AND THE MAINTENANCE OF DOMINANT SUBORDINATE STATUS IN MALE GOLDEN-HAMSTERS
SCENT MARKING AND THE MAINTENANCE OF DOMINANT SUBORDINATE STATUS IN MALE GOLDEN-HAMSTERS
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DOI：
10.1016/0031-9384(87)90114-4
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发表时间：
1987-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
ALBERS, HE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FERRIS, CF;AXELSON, JF;ALBERS, HE
由于人们认为侧翼标记可以传达优势地位，所以我们设计了实验来观察两组雄性仓鼠的攻击行为和侧翼标记行为的变化，一组雄性仓鼠的侧翼腺体完好无损（实验一），另一组雄性仓鼠的侧翼腺体被手术切除（实验二），另一组雄性仓鼠的侧翼腺体被手术切除（实验三）。实验1中，12对仓鼠的优势成员的平均每日腹部标记频率比其从属伙伴高出2倍以上，F(1,11)-17.59, p < 0.001。在连续5天的试验过程中，优势仓鼠的攻击指数t(44)=4.49, p < 0.01，从属仓鼠的攻击指数t(44)=3.33, p < 0.01。在攻击行为减少的同时，优势仓鼠和从属仓鼠的侧腹标记均显著增加，t(44)=7.8, p < 0.01, t(44)-3.59, p < 0.01。在实验二中，11只侧腹腺切除仓鼠中有6只对其假手术伙伴处于优势地位，其余5只处于从属地位。与实验1不同的是，主从仓鼠的侧翼标记在实验1中没有显著差异，事实上，在7对仓鼠中，从属仓鼠的侧翼标记比主从仓鼠多。在实验三中，两只仓鼠都被切除了侧腹腺，与实验二一样，在五个测试期间，主从仓鼠的侧腹标记行为没有显著差异，攻击行为和侧腹标记行为也没有显著变化。总之，侧腹腺对于仓鼠建立主从关系并不是必需的。然而，无论是主导型仓鼠还是从属型仓鼠，似乎都利用它们的侧腹腺体来传达社会地位，以在遭遇时抑制明显的攻击行为。
Since it is thought that flank marking communicates dominance status, experiments were designed to look at changes in aggression and flank marking behaviors in pairs of male hamsters with intact flank glands (Experiment One) or when one (Experiment Two) or both (Experiment Three) members of a pair had their flank glands surgically removed. In Experiment One the dominant members of twelve pairs of hamsters had a mean daily frequency of flank marks that was over two-fold greater than their subordinate partners, F(1,11)-17.59, p < 0.001. Over the course of five consecutive daily tests there was a significant decrease in the aggression index of both the dominant, t(44)=4.49, p < 0.01, and subordinate, t(44)=3.33, p < 0.01, hamsters. Accompanying the decrease in aggression was a significant increase in the flank marking of both dominant, t(44)=7.8, p < 0.01, and subordinate, t(44)-3.59, p < 0.01, hamsters. In Experiment Two, six out of eleven flank glandectomized hamsters were dominant over their sham operated partners while the remaining five were subordinate. Unlike Experiment One there was no significant difference in the flank marking between dominant and subordinate hamsters, in fact, in seven pairs the subordinate hamsters flank marked more than their dominant partners. In Experiment Three both hamsters had their flank glands removed, and as in Experiment Two, there was no significant difference in flank marking between dominant and subordinate hamsters, neither was there any significant change in their aggression and flank marking behaviors over the course of the five test periods. In summary, flank glands are not necessary for hamsters to develop dominant/subordinate relationships. However, both dominant and subordinate hamsters appear to utilize their flank glands to communicate social status in order to inhibit overt aggression during encounters.