Prediction and Prevention of Parasitic Diseases Using a Landscape Genomics Framework.
Prediction and Prevention of Parasitic Diseases Using a Landscape Genomics Framework.
复制标题
使用景观基因组框架预测和预防寄生虫病。
DOI：
10.1016/j.pt.2016.10.008
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
Grijalva,MarioJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schwabl,Philipp;Llewellyn,MartinS;Landguth,ErinL;Andersson,Björn;Kitron,Uriel;Costales,JaimeA;Ocaña,Sofía;Grijalva,MarioJ
寄生物种的扩散、分布和传播存在很大的异质性。理解和预测这些特征如何受到它们所栖息的景观的生态变化的控制是空间流行病学的中心目标。遗传数据可以进一步了解景观中寄生虫、宿主和媒介种群之间的功能连接。基因流与寄生虫和媒介群体中流行病学相关表型的传播（例如毒力、药物和杀虫剂抗性）以及由于当前或过去的干预措施而没有寄生虫传播的入侵和再入侵风险相关。然而，空间和遗传数据的正式整合（“景观遗传学”）几乎从未应用于寄生虫。在这里，我们讨论了利用景观遗传学和基因组学来了解寄生虫病的生物学和控制的具体挑战和实际前景，并提出了一个实用的框架。
Substantial heterogeneity exists in the dispersal, distribution and transmission of parasitic species. Understanding and predicting how such features are governed by the ecological variation of landscape they inhabit is the central goal of spatial epidemiology. Genetic data can further inform functional connectivity among parasite, host and vector populations in a landscape. Gene flow correlates with the spread of epidemiologically relevant phenotypes among parasite and vector populations (e.g., virulence, drug and pesticide resistance), as well as invasion and re-invasion risk where parasite transmission is absent due to current or past intervention measures. However, the formal integration of spatial and genetic data (‘landscape genetics') is scarcely ever applied to parasites. Here, we discuss the specific challenges and practical prospects for the use of landscape genetics and genomics to understand the biology and control of parasitic disease and present a practical framework for doing so.