Safety of ingredients used in cosmetics
Safety of ingredients used in cosmetics
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaad.2004.07.066
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
13.8
通讯作者：
Andersen, FA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergfeld, WE;Belsito, DV;Andersen, FA
化妆品成分审查（CIR）计划于1976年由化妆品，化妆品和香料协会在食品和药物管理局（FDA）和美国消费者联合会（CFA）的支持下建立。CIR进行独立的专家审查，以确定化妆品中使用的成分是否安全。CIR工作人员编写现有数据的摘要，CIR专家小组在公开会议上审查数据。如果需要更多数据，则会提出请求。可以提供未发表的研究，但一旦在CIR安全性评估中进行总结，这些研究将公开并可供审查。初步结论有理由支持，并征求公众意见。考虑到所有输入，发布最终安全性评估专论。这些专著已提交给同行评审的《国际毒理学杂志》发表。到目前为止，已经处理了1194种化妆品成分。其中，683种在目前的使用和浓缩实践中被发现在化妆品中是安全的。另有388种经鉴定可安全用于化妆品;每种都有具体的鉴定。九种成分被认为在化妆品中使用是不安全的，并描述了安全问题。发现现有数据不足以支持114种成分的安全性;列出了所需的数据。染发剂是CIR审查的一个重要产品类别。在考虑染发剂时，CIR专家小组审查了针对每种染发剂特定化学结构的实验和临床数据，并审查了针对不太具体的染发剂使用的流行病学研究。最近，CIR专家小组得出结论，现有的流行病学研究不足以得出染发剂使用与癌症和其他终点之间存在因果关系的结论。不可避免的是，在项目早期完成安全性评估的成分将获得新的信息。为了考虑新的数据，CIR专家小组制定了一项重新审查计划。十二烷基硫酸钠（SLS），甲醛和对羟基苯甲酸酯作为例子进行了讨论。列出了目前正在进行的安全评估，沿着列出了将从中选择新工作的高优先级成分。尽管受到化妆品行业的支持，但CIR计划在其决策过程中仍然保持独立性，这是基于其开放的公共流程;专家小组成员的诚信; FDA和CFA的参与;以及化妆品行业的合作。
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) program was established in 1976 by the Cosmetics, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, with the support of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Consumer Federation of America (CFA). CIR performs independent, expert reviews to determine if ingredients used in cosmetics are safe. CIR staff prepares summaries of available data and the CIR Expert Panel reviews the data in open, Public meetings. If more data are needed, requests are made. Unpublished studies may be provided, but become public and available for review once summarized in CIR safety assessments. Tentative conclusions are supported with a rationale and public comment is sought. Taking any input into consideration, a final safety assessment monograph is issued. These monographs are Submitted for publication in the peer-reviewed International Journal of Toxicology. To date, 1194 individual cosmetic ingredients have been addressed. Of these, 683 were found to be safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration. With qualifications, another 388 have been found safe for use in cosmetics; specific qualifications for each are given. Nine ingredients have been deemed unsafe for use in cosmetics and the safety issue has been described. The available data were found insufficient to Support the safety of 114 ingredients; the needed data are listed. Hair dyes represent an important product category reviewed by CIR. In considering hair dyes, the CIR Expert Panel reviews experimental and clinical data specific to the particular chemical structure of each hair dye and reviews epidemiologic studies that address hair dye use that are less specific. Recently the CIR Expert Panel concluded that the available epidemiologic studies are insufficient to conclude there is a causal relationship between hair dye use and cancer and other end points. It is inevitable that new information will become available concerning ingredients for which safety assessments were completed in the early days of the program. To consider new data, the CIR Expert Panel has instituted a re-review program. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), formaldehyde, and parabens are discussed as examples. Safety assessments Currently underway are listed, along with high-priority ingredients from which new work will be chosen. Although Supported by the cosmetics industry, the CIR program has remained independent in its decision making, based on its open, public process; the integrity of the expert panel members; the participation of the FDA and the CFA; and the cooperation of the cosmetics industry.