Vortices in quantum droplets: Analogies between boson and fermion systems
Vortices in quantum droplets: Analogies between boson and fermion systems
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DOI：
10.1103/revmodphys.82.2785
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
H. Saarikoski;S. Reimann;A. Harju;M. Manninen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Saarikoski;S. Reimann;A. Harju;M. Manninen
本文主要讨论了玻色子或费米子量子液滴在小粒子数限制下的涡旋多体物理。我们感兴趣的系统包括陷阱中的冷原子以及量子点中的电子。当设置为旋转时，这些原则上不同的量子系统显示出惊人的相似性。回顾的主题包括有限旋转多体态的结构，涡旋形成的普遍性和涡旋在玻色子和费米子系统中的局域化，以及量子霍尔体系中粒子-涡旋复合材料的出现。对计算多体技术进行了概述，重点介绍了组态交互方法和密度泛函方法。综述了具有一个或几个粒子组成的量子液滴的研究，其中可能发生涡旋和无芯涡旋，并讨论了理论和实验挑战。
The main theme of this review is the many-body physics of vortices in quantum droplets of bosons or fermions in the limit of small particle numbers. Systems of interest include cold atoms in traps as well as electrons confined in quantum dots. When set to rotate, these in principle different quantum systems show remarkable analogies. The topics reviewed include the structure of the finite rotating many-body state, universality of vortex formation and localization of vortices in both bosonic and fermionic systems, and the emergence of particle-vortex composites in the quantum Hall regime. An overview of the computational many-body techniques sets focus on the configuration-interaction and density-functional methods. Studies of quantum droplets with one or several particle components, where vortices as well as coreless vortices may occur, are reviewed, and theoretical as well as experimental challenges are discussed.