Child Maltreatment during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Consequences of Parental Job Loss on Psychological and Physical Abuse Towards Children
Child Maltreatment during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Consequences of Parental Job Loss on Psychological and Physical Abuse Towards Children
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104709
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Simon, Michaela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lawson, Monica;Piel, Megan H.;Simon, Michaela
背景：COVID-19 大流行导致的失业带来了虐待儿童的重大风险。保护性因素，例如重新构建应对方式，可能会减轻虐待儿童导致失业的风险。 目的：本研究调查了 COVID-19 大流行期间与儿童虐待相关的因素，包括父母失业，以及认知重构是否调节了失业与儿童虐待之间的关联。 方法：对 342 名 4 至 10 岁儿童的父母（62% 是母亲）进行社区抽样（M = 7.38，SD = 2.01；居住在美国的 57.3% 男性）完成了有关 COVID-19 经历、亲子冲突策略量表和家庭危机导向个人评估量表的在线调查问卷。结果：两项逻辑回归分析评估了父母在大流行期间是否对孩子进行心理虐待或身体虐待的预测因素，并控制了虐待史、父母抑郁症状、财务稳定性、父母年龄、父母性别、儿童年龄和儿童性别。失业的父母 (OR = 4.86, 95% CI [1.19, 19.91], p = .03) 更加抑郁 (OR = 1.05, 95% CI [1.02, 1.08], p < .01)，并且以前曾对孩子进行过心理虐待 (OR = 111.94, 95% CI [28.54, 439.01]，p < .001）在大流行期间更有可能遭受心理虐待。关于身体虐待，失业和重塑应对之间存在显着的相互作用（OR = 0.76，95% CI [0.59，0.99]，p = .04）。在失业的父母中，随着重新调整应对方式的增加，遭受身体虐待的可能性下降。结论：COVID-19 大流行期间失业是虐待儿童的一个重要风险因素。重新定义应对方式可能是这种身体虐待关联的重要缓冲，并对虐待预防产生影响。
Background: Job loss resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic presents significant risk for child abuse. Protective factors, such as reframing coping, may mitigate the risk of job loss on child maltreatment.Objective: The current study investigated factors associated with child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic, including parental job loss, and whether cognitive reframing moderated associations between job loss and child maltreatment.Method: A community sample of 342 parents (62% mothers) of 4- to 10-year-olds (M = 7.38, SD = 2.01; 57.3% male) living in the United States completed online questionnaires regarding experiences with COVID-19, the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale, and the Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scales.Results: Two logistic regression analyses evaluated predictors of whether parents psychologically maltreated or physically abused their children during the pandemic controlling for maltreating history, parental depressive symptoms, financial stability, parent age, parent gender, child age, and child gender. Parents who lost their jobs (OR = 4.86, 95% CI [1.19, 19.91], p = .03), were more depressed (OR = 1.05, 95% CI [1.02, 1.08], p < .01), and previously psychologically maltreated their children (OR = 111.94, 95% CI [28.54, 439.01], p < .001) were more likely to psychologically maltreat during the pandemic. Regarding physical abuse, a significant interaction between job loss and reframing coping emerged (OR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.59, 0.99], p = .04). Among parents who lost their jobs, the probability of physical abuse decreased as reframing coping increased.Conclusions: Job loss during the COVID-19 pandemic is a significant risk factor for child maltreatment. Reframing coping may be an important buffer of this association on physical abuse and presents implications for maltreatment prevention.