Evaluation of biomass gasification in supercritical water process for hydrogen production
Evaluation of biomass gasification in supercritical water process for hydrogen production
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enconman.2004.04.003
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Sarrade, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Calzavara, Y;Joussot-Dubien, C;Sarrade, S
生物质转化为氢可以在超临界水中完成。对最先进的实验进行了全面介绍。焦炭和焦油的形成可能是最重要的技术问题。然而，为了获得更高的氢产率和减少焦炭和焦油的数量，催化应该是解决方案。由于气相中氢的比例高于50%，转化率达到98%，要想成功地转移到工业规模，下一步需要考虑的是评估该过程的能源成本。在文献资料的基础上，对生物质气化的能效进行了评价。结果表明，在理想情况下，当考虑氢、一氧化碳和甲烷为有价值的物种时，热力学计算的能量效率可达60%。包括在280巴和740摄氏度的水中回收能量，总能量产率达到90%。这些计算被高估了，因为没有考虑热损失。但是，由于化学反应是吸热的，需要较高的温度和较大的水/生物质比，因此该工艺的关键是能量回收。(C)2004爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Converting biomass into hydrogen can be accomplished in supercritical water. State of the art experiments are thoroughly presented. Chars and tars formation may be the most significant technological problem. However, catalysis should be the solution to obtain higher yields of hydrogen and to decrease the amounts of chars and tars. As conversion yield reaches 98% with a proportion of hydrogen higher than 50% in the gaseous phase, the next step to consider in a successful transfer to the industrial scale is to evaluate the energy cost of the process. We made an evaluation of the energy efficiency of biomass gasification, basing our work on data of the literature. Our results show that the energy efficiency from thermodynamic calculation reaches 60% when considering hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane as valuable species in the ideal case. Including energy recovery from the water at 280 bar and 740 degreesC, the overall energy yield reaches 90%. These calculations are overestimated because no heat losses are taken into account. However, this study shows that the key point of the process is energy recovery as the chemical reaction is endothermic and needs high temperature and a rather large ratio of water/biomass. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.