INFLUENCE OF IRRADIANCE ON VIRUS–ALGAL HOST INTERACTIONS 1
INFLUENCE OF IRRADIANCE ON VIRUS–ALGAL HOST INTERACTIONS 1
复制标题
辐照度对病毒-藻类宿主相互作用的影响 1
作者：
Anne;C. Brussaard
以两种海洋浮游植物球形褐囊藻（Phaeocystis globosa Scherff）为研究对象，研究了不同辐照水平对藻类宿主与病毒相互作用的影响。以及小单胞菌（屠夫）曼顿和帕克。培养的海藻分别在25、100和250 μmol光子·m−2·s−1 （LL、ML和HL）下驯化，然后用溶解病毒（PgV‐07T和MpV‐02T）感染，并在适当的辐照度和黑暗中监测。辐照水平对宿主-病毒相互作用的影响在两种藻类宿主-病毒系统中有所不同。对于球形假蝇，经LL驯化的培养物潜伏期延长了4小时（11-16小时），这可能与在此辐照下观察到的亚饱和生长有关。与ML （525 PgV·cell−1）相比，LL和HL的破裂大小减少了50%。然而，传染性病毒的比例保持不变。将球形LL p.g lobosa培养物置于黑暗中（长达48小时）可阻止病毒复制，但将其放回光照下可恢复病毒复制。在ML -和HL -驯化的培养物中，PgV - 07T仍在黑暗中复制，但病毒产量降低了50%-85%。对于pusilla M.，爆发大小（285-360 MpV·cell−1）、传染性和MpV - 02T潜伏期（7-11 h）不受入射光的影响。相反，黑暗不仅抑制了MpV的复制，而且导致未感染培养物的大量细胞裂解。我们的研究表明，辐照水平是控制藻类宿主-病毒相互作用和浮游植物种群动态的重要因素。
The effect of different irradiance levels on the interactions between the algal host and its virus was investigated for two marine phytoplankton, Phaeocystis globosa Scherff. and Micromonas pusilla (Butcher) Manton et Parke. The algal cultures were acclimated at 25, 100, and 250 μmol photons · m−2 · s−1 (LL, ML, and HL, respectively), after which they were infected with a lytic virus (PgV‐07T and MpV‐02T) and monitored under the appropriate irradiance and in darkness. The effect of irradiance levels on the host–virus interactions differed for the two algal host–virus systems examined. For P. globosa, the LL‐acclimated cultures showed a 4 h prolonged latent period (11–16 h), which may be related to the subsaturated growth observed at this irradiance. The burst size was reduced by 50% at LL and HL compared to ML (525 PgV · cell−1). The fraction of infectious viruses, however, remained unchanged. Viral replication was prevented when the LL P. globosa cultures were kept in darkness (up to 48 h) but recovered when placed back into the light. PgV‐07T still replicated in the dark for the ML‐ and HL‐acclimated cultures, but viral yield was reduced by 50%–85%. For M. pusilla, the burst size (285–360 MpV · cell−1), the infectivity, and the latent period of MpV‐02T (7–11 h) remained unaffected by the incident light. Conversely, darkness not only inhibited MpV replication but also resulted in substantial cell lysis of the noninfected cultures. Our study implies that irradiance level is an important factor controlling algal host–virus interactions and hence the dynamics of phytoplankton populations.