Antibiotic exposure perturbs the gut microbiota and elevates mortality in honeybees.
Antibiotic exposure perturbs the gut microbiota and elevates mortality in honeybees.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.2001861
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Moran NA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raymann K;Shaffer Z;Moran NA
肠道微生物组在动物健康中发挥着至关重要的作用，肠道微生物群落结构的变化可能对宿主产生不利影响。对脊椎动物模型和人类受试者的研究表明，抗生素治疗极大地扰乱了天然肠道群落，从而促进了病原体的增殖。事实上，抗生素治疗后的持续感染是一个主要的医学问题。在养蜂业中，抗生素经常用于预防幼蜂的细菌感染，但抗生素引起的生态失调（微生物失衡）对蜜蜂健康和疾病易感性的影响尚未完全阐明。在这里，我们评估了抗生素暴露对蜜蜂肠道群落大小和组成的影响。我们监测了抗生素治疗后蜜蜂的存活率，以确定肠道微生物组的失调是否会影响蜜蜂的健康，并且我们进行了实验以确定抗生素暴露是否会增加对机会性病原体感染的易感性。我们的结果表明，抗生素治疗可以对蜜蜂肠道微生物组的大小和组成产生持续影响。无论是在蜂巢还是在蜜蜂暴露于机会性细菌病原体的实验室实验中，抗生素暴露都会导致存活率下降。总之，这些结果表明，抗生素暴露导致的生态失调会影响蜜蜂的健康，部分原因是对普遍存在的机会性病原体的易感性增加。我们的结果不仅强调了肠道微生物组在蜜蜂健康中的重要性，而且还提供了抗生素治疗如何影响微生物群落和宿主健康的见解。越来越多的证据表明肠道微生物对动物健康的重要性。与大多数其他昆虫不同，蜜蜂拥有高度保守的肠道微生物群落，这是通过社会接触获得的，一些结果表明这些微生物在蜜蜂健康中发挥着重要作用。抗生素会严重破坏肠道微生物群落，在一些国家的养蜂业中常用。然而，抗生素治疗如何影响蜜蜂肠道微生物群落尚不清楚。在这里，我们评估了抗生素治疗对蜜蜂肠道微生物组的大小和组成以及蜜蜂健康的影响。我们发现，接触抗生素会显着改变蜜蜂肠道微生物群落结构，并导致蜂巢中蜜蜂的存活率降低，这可能是由于对机会性病原体感染的易感性增加。
Gut microbiomes play crucial roles in animal health, and shifts in the gut microbial community structure can have detrimental impacts on hosts. Studies with vertebrate models and human subjects suggest that antibiotic treatments greatly perturb the native gut community, thereby facilitating proliferation of pathogens. In fact, persistent infections following antibiotic treatment are a major medical issue. In apiculture, antibiotics are frequently used to prevent bacterial infections of larval bees, but the impact of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis (microbial imbalance) on bee health and susceptibility to disease has not been fully elucidated. Here, we evaluated the effects of antibiotic exposure on the size and composition of honeybee gut communities. We monitored the survivorship of bees following antibiotic treatment in order to determine if dysbiosis of the gut microbiome impacts honeybee health, and we performed experiments to determine whether antibiotic exposure increases susceptibility to infection by opportunistic pathogens. Our results show that antibiotic treatment can have persistent effects on both the size and composition of the honeybee gut microbiome. Antibiotic exposure resulted in decreased survivorship, both in the hive and in laboratory experiments in which bees were exposed to opportunistic bacterial pathogens. Together, these results suggest that dysbiosis resulting from antibiotic exposure affects bee health, in part due to increased susceptibility to ubiquitous opportunistic pathogens. Not only do our results highlight the importance of the gut microbiome in honeybee health, but they also provide insights into how antibiotic treatment affects microbial communities and host health. There is growing evidence for the importance of gut microbes in animal health. Unlike most other insects, honeybees possess a highly conserved gut microbial community, which is acquired through social contact, and several results have suggested that these microbes play an important role in honeybee health. Antibiotics, which can severely disrupt gut microbial communities, are commonly used in beekeeping in several countries. However, it is unknown how antibiotic treatment affects the gut microbial communities of honeybees. Here, we evaluated the effects of antibiotic treatment on the size and composition of the honeybee gut microbiome and on honeybee health. We found that exposure to antibiotics significantly alters the honeybee gut microbial community structure and leads to decreased survivorship of honeybees in the hive, likely due to increased susceptibility to infection by opportunistic pathogens.