A high-protein diet induces sustained reductions in appetite, ad libitum caloric intake, and body weight despite compensatory changes in diurnal plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations
A high-protein diet induces sustained reductions in appetite, ad libitum caloric intake, and body weight despite compensatory changes in diurnal plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/82.1.41
复制
发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Purnell, JQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weigle, DS;Breen, PA;Purnell, JQ
背景：随意低碳水化合物饮食减少热量摄入并导致体重减轻。目前尚不清楚这些影响是由于减少碳水化合物的含量，这些饮食或其相关的增加蛋白质intake.Objective：我们测试的假设，即增加蛋白质含量，同时保持碳水化合物含量的饮食降低体重，通过降低食欲和自发热量摄入。设计：在19名依次接受以下饮食的受试者中测量食欲、热量摄入、体重和脂肪量：维持体重的饮食（15%蛋白质，35%脂肪和50%碳水化合物）2周，等热量饮食（30%蛋白质、20%脂肪和50%碳水化合物）喂养2周，自由采食（30%蛋白质、20%脂肪和50%碳水化合物）喂养12周。血液采样频繁，在每个饮食阶段结束时，以测量胰岛素，瘦素，和ghrelin.Results的血浆浓度与时间曲线下面积（AUC）：饱腹感显着增加，尽管不变的瘦素AUC的等热量的高蛋白饮食。尽管瘦素AUC显著降低，生长激素释放肽AUC显著增加，但通过随意高蛋白饮食，平均（SE）自发能量摄入减少441 +/- 63 kcal/d，体重减少4.9 +/- 0.5 kg，脂肪量减少3.7 +/- 0.4 kg。在恒定的碳水化合物摄入量下，膳食蛋白质从能量的15%增加到30%，导致随意热量摄入的持续减少，这可能是由中枢神经系统瘦素敏感性增加介导的，并导致显著的体重减轻。蛋白质的这种减肥作用可能有助于低碳水化合物饮食产生的体重减轻。
Background: Ad libitum, low-carbohydrate diets decrease caloric intake and cause weight loss. It is unclear whether these effects are due to the reduced carbohydrate content of such diets or to their associated increase in protein intake.Objective: We tested the hypothesis that increasing the protein content while maintaining the carbohydrate content of the diet lowers body weight by decreasing appetite and spontaneous caloric intake.Design: Appetite, caloric intake, body weight, and fat mass were measured in 19 subjects placed sequentially on the following diets: a weight-maintaining diet (15% protein, 35% fat, and 50% carbohydrate) for 2 wk, an isocaloric diet (30% protein, 20% fat, and 50% carbohydrate) for 2 wk, and an ad libitum diet (30% protein, 20% fat, and 50% carbohydrate) for 12 wk. Blood was sampled frequently at the end of each diet phase to measure the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) for insulin, leptin, and ghrelin.Results: Satiety was markedly increased with the isocaloric high-protein diet despite an unchanged leptin AUC. Mean ( SE) spontaneous energy intake decreased by 441 +/- 63 kcal/d, body weight decreased by 4.9 +/- 0.5 kg, and fat mass decreased by 3.7 +/- 0.4 kg with the ad libitum, high-protein diet, despite a significantly decreased leptin AUC and increased ghrelin AUC.Conclusions: An increase in dietary protein from 15% to 30% of energy at a constant carbohydrate intake produces a sustained decrease in ad libitum caloric intake that may be mediated by increased central nervous system leptin sensitivity and results in significant weight loss. This anorexic effect of protein may contribute to the weight loss produced by low-carbohydrate diets.