A review of the physicochemical characteristics of ultrafine particle emissions from domestic solid fuel combustion during cooking and heating.
A review of the physicochemical characteristics of ultrafine particle emissions from domestic solid fuel combustion during cooking and heating.
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烹饪和取暖过程中家用固体燃料燃烧超细颗粒物排放的物理化学特征综述。
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163747
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kuye A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuye A
由于能源成本的上升，住宅固体燃料燃烧已经增加，但对超细颗粒物（UFP）等不受管制的污染物的排放特性知之甚少。本综述旨在分析UFP的排放和化学组成，建立对颗粒数尺寸分布（PSD）的理解，评估影响污染物排放的因素，以及污染物减排策略的有效性。对文献的系统评价表明，家用固体燃料燃烧的污染物排放受燃料的质量和类型、炉灶类型和燃烧条件的影响。低挥发性物质含量的燃料如无烟燃料比高挥发性物质含量的燃料如木材排放更少的PM2. 5、NOX、SO2。然而，CO排放与挥发分含量没有直接关系，而是取决于空气供应、燃烧温度和燃料颗粒尺寸。大多数UFP是在燃烧的焦化和燃烧阶段排放的。由于UFP具有大的表面积，它们除了吸附少量的C、Ca和Fe外，还吸附大量的有害金属和化学品，如PAHs、As、Pb和NO3。基于颗粒数浓度（PNC）的固体燃料的排放因子可以在0.2至2 × 1015# kg− 1燃料的范围内。未发现UFP被改进的炉子、矿物添加剂或小规模静电除尘器（ESP）减少。事实上，与传统炉灶相比，改进的炉灶将UFP排放量增加了2倍。然而，他们已经证明了PM2.5排放量减少了35- 66%。在家中使用家用炉灶会使居住者面临在短时间内暴露于大量UFP浓度的风险。由于对该主题领域的研究有限，需要对不同的改进型采暖炉进行进一步研究，以更好地了解其不受管制的污染物（如UFP）的排放。
Residential solid fuel combustion has increased because of rising energy costs but little is known about the emission characteristics of unregulated pollutants such as ultrafine particles (UFPs). This review aims to characterise the emissions and chemical composition of UFPs, build an understanding of the particle number size distribution (PSD), assesses the factors affecting pollutants emission, and the efficacy of pollutants mitigation strategies. A systematic appraisal of literature suggests that the pollutants emissions from domestic solid fuel combustion are influenced by the quality and type of fuels, stove types, and combustion conditions. Low volatile matter content fuels such as smokeless fuels emit lesser PM2.5,NOX, SO2than high volatile matter content fuels such as wood. However, CO emissions does not directly correlate with volatile matter content, but depend on air supply, combustion temperature, and fuel particle size. Majority of UFPs are emitted during the coking and flaming phases of combustion. Since UFPs have a large surface area, they adsorb significant amounts of hazardous metals and chemicals such as PAHs, As, Pb, and NO3in addition to minor amounts of C, Ca and Fe. Emission factor of solid fuel based on the particle number concentration (PNC) can range from 0.2 to 2 × 1015# kg−1of fuel. UFPs were not found to be reduced by improved stoves, mineral additives, or small-scale electrostatic precipitators (ESP). In fact, improved cook stoves were found to increase UFP emissions by a factor of 2 compared with conventional stoves. However, they have demonstrated a 35–66 % reduction in PM2.5emissions. Using a domestic stove within a home puts occupants at risk of being exposed to significant concentrations of UFPs in a short period of time. As there are limited studies on the topic area, further research on different improved heating stoves is required to better understand their emissions of unregulated pollutants such as the UFPs.