Integrating contact network structure into tuberculosis epidemiology in meerkats in South Africa: Implications for control
Integrating contact network structure into tuberculosis epidemiology in meerkats in South Africa: Implications for control
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DOI：
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.05.006
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Pearce, Gareth P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drewe, Julian A.;Eames, Ken T. D.;Pearce, Gareth P.
将宿主接触模式信息与传染病随时间传播相结合的实证研究很少。本研究的目的是确定群体内社会互动在南非野生猫鼬（Suricata suricatta）种群中结核病（TB；牛分枝杆菌感染）传播中的相对重要性，并利用这些信息提出基于证据的干预策略来管理这种疾病。从 2006 年 1 月到 2007 年 12 月的 24 个月内，对八个狐獴群体的所有成员（n = 134 只）进行了详细的行为观察。对三种类型的互动（攻击、觅食竞争和理毛）的社交网络分析表明，随着时间的推移，社会结构非常稳定。交互的聚类与攻击性（r = 0.73）和梳理交互（r = 0.71）的群体大小呈正相关，这表明感染可能在交互个体的群体内局部传播，但通过不同群体之间的连接的明显阈值限制感染大群体的所有成员。每三个月对一个社会群体的所有成员（n = 37 只猫鼬）进行一次重复的生物采样，以量化牛支原体感染状态的个体变化。这些经验数据被用来构建猫鼬群体内结核病传播的动态网络模型。结果表明，梳理行为（给予和接受）比攻击更有可能与牛支原体传播相关，并且梳理者比被梳理者面临更高的感染风险。因此，提出了管理猫鼬结核病的干预策略，重点关注那些进行最多理毛的个体。 (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Empirical studies that integrate information on host contact patterns with infectious disease transmission over time are rare. The aims of this study were to determine the relative importance of intra-group social interactions in the transmission of tuberculosis (TB; Mycobacterium bovis infection) in a population of wild meerkats (Suricata suricatta) in South Africa, and to use this information to propose an evidence-based intervention strategy to manage this disease. Detailed behavioural observations of all members of eight meerkat groups (n = 134 individuals) were made over 24 months from January 2006 to December 2007. Social network analysis of three types of interaction (aggression, foraging competitions and grooming) revealed social structure to be very stable over time. Clustering of interactions was positively correlated with group size for both aggression (r = 0.73) and grooming interactions (r = 0.71), suggesting that infections may spread locally within clusters of interacting individuals but be limited from infecting all members of large groups by an apparent threshold in connections between different clusters. Repeated biological sampling every three months of all members of one social group (n = 37 meerkats) was undertaken to quantify individual changes in M. bovis infection status. These empirical data were used to construct a dynamic network model of TB transmission within a meerkat group. The results indicated that grooming (both giving and receiving) was more likely than aggression to be correlated with M. bovis transmission and that groomers were at higher risk of infection than groomees. Intervention strategies for managing TB in meerkats that focus on those individuals engaging in the highest amount of grooming are therefore proposed. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.